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<p>Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer a sustainable approach for enhancing crop resilience against abiotic stresses. Building on our previous work exploring the impact of PGPR <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> SAESo11 on the metabolome and transcriptome of the above-ground tissues of tomato seedlings, here we delved into root metabolome and targeted gene expression, focusing primarily on those related to amino acids, myo-inositol, and polyamines metabolism. SAESo11 inoculation induced significant long-term biochemical changes in roots<i>,</i> since numerous metabolites exhibited differential accumulation even under normal conditions. Sugars such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, and xylose—presumed to serve as carbon sources for bacterial metabolism—significantly increased only in the inoculated plants, indicating successful bacterial establishment within the root system. Their co-accumulation with metabolites like glutamic acid and putrescine suggests a complementary role as osmolyte reservoirs, supporting osmotic balance restoration during stress. Buildup of organic acids further suggests a primed metabolic phase in response to bacterial inoculation. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of <i>arginase</i> and <i>proline dehydrogenase</i> genes upon inoculation under normal conditions, with <i>arginase</i> maintaining high expression levels during drought. Drought-specific increases in <i>myo-inositol oxygenase</i>, <i>spermidine decarboxylase</i>, and <i>arginine decarboxylase</i> expression exclusively in inoculated seedlings highlight the role of myo-inositol and polyamines in stress response mechanisms triggered by inoculation. Overall, SAESo11 induces dynamic root-specific metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming, serving as the signal for the above-ground adjustments. Accumulation of sugars, amino acids, and organic acids under normal conditions suggests a pre-emptive adaptation mechanism, enhancing drought resilience. This study highlights the intricate and tissue-specific metabolic responses induced by beneficial microorganisms, advancing our understanding of plant–microbe interactions in promoting stress tolerance.</p>

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Drought-Mitigating Pseudomonas Putida SAESo11 Induces Root-Specific Metabolic Reprogramming in Tomato

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Anastasia Papadopoulou,
  • Ifigeneia Mellidou,
  • Katerina Karamanoli

摘要

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer a sustainable approach for enhancing crop resilience against abiotic stresses. Building on our previous work exploring the impact of PGPR Pseudomonas putida SAESo11 on the metabolome and transcriptome of the above-ground tissues of tomato seedlings, here we delved into root metabolome and targeted gene expression, focusing primarily on those related to amino acids, myo-inositol, and polyamines metabolism. SAESo11 inoculation induced significant long-term biochemical changes in roots, since numerous metabolites exhibited differential accumulation even under normal conditions. Sugars such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, and xylose—presumed to serve as carbon sources for bacterial metabolism—significantly increased only in the inoculated plants, indicating successful bacterial establishment within the root system. Their co-accumulation with metabolites like glutamic acid and putrescine suggests a complementary role as osmolyte reservoirs, supporting osmotic balance restoration during stress. Buildup of organic acids further suggests a primed metabolic phase in response to bacterial inoculation. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of arginase and proline dehydrogenase genes upon inoculation under normal conditions, with arginase maintaining high expression levels during drought. Drought-specific increases in myo-inositol oxygenase, spermidine decarboxylase, and arginine decarboxylase expression exclusively in inoculated seedlings highlight the role of myo-inositol and polyamines in stress response mechanisms triggered by inoculation. Overall, SAESo11 induces dynamic root-specific metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming, serving as the signal for the above-ground adjustments. Accumulation of sugars, amino acids, and organic acids under normal conditions suggests a pre-emptive adaptation mechanism, enhancing drought resilience. This study highlights the intricate and tissue-specific metabolic responses induced by beneficial microorganisms, advancing our understanding of plant–microbe interactions in promoting stress tolerance.