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<p>Salinity is a significant barrier to optimal seed germination, seedling establishment, and crop productivity, particularly affecting tomatoes, which are highly nutritious and widely cultivated vegetable crops known for their sensitivity to salt stress. This stress hampers germination and growth. Salicylic acid (SA), a naturally occurring antioxidant in plants, helps mitigate various stresses, including salinity. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SA as both a seed priming agent and an exogenous treatment for improving tomato germination and seedling growth under salt stress. Seeds were pretreated with three different SA concentrations (0.1&#xa0;mM, 0.3&#xa0;mM, and 0.5&#xa0;mM) along with a control group of untreated seeds. These primed seeds were then subjected to salinity stress at sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations of 5 dS/m and 10 dS/m. The results revealed that salt stress significantly reduced key parameters, such as the germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), seed vigour index (SVI), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), total dry weight (TDW), and the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio, which are critical indicators of ionic balance in plants under stress. However, SA priming improved these traits, increasing the GP, GI, SVI, SL, RL, growth rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT), mean daily germination (MDG), potential viability (PV), germination value (GV), K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio, and TDW. Amongst the treatments, 0.1&#xa0;mM SA was the most effective at increasing tomato seedling tolerance to salinity. These findings, supported by structural equation modelling (SEM), the effective multidimensional treatment (EMT) index, a heatmap, and principal component analysis (PCA), highlight the potential of SA priming and exogenous application to increase salinity tolerance by improving germination traits and maintaining ionic balance in tomato plants under saline conditions.</p>

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Seed Priming with Salicylic Acid Ameliorates the Salinity Induced Ionic Toxicity in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Seedlings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Md. Shihab Uddine Khan,
  • Shimul Mondal,
  • Sadia Afroz Ritu,
  • Zakaria Alam,
  • Mahbub Ul Islam,
  • Md. Omar Ali,
  • Md. Motiar Rohman,
  • Ahmed Gaber,
  • Akbar Hossain

摘要

Salinity is a significant barrier to optimal seed germination, seedling establishment, and crop productivity, particularly affecting tomatoes, which are highly nutritious and widely cultivated vegetable crops known for their sensitivity to salt stress. This stress hampers germination and growth. Salicylic acid (SA), a naturally occurring antioxidant in plants, helps mitigate various stresses, including salinity. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SA as both a seed priming agent and an exogenous treatment for improving tomato germination and seedling growth under salt stress. Seeds were pretreated with three different SA concentrations (0.1 mM, 0.3 mM, and 0.5 mM) along with a control group of untreated seeds. These primed seeds were then subjected to salinity stress at sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations of 5 dS/m and 10 dS/m. The results revealed that salt stress significantly reduced key parameters, such as the germination percentage (GP), germination index (GI), seed vigour index (SVI), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), total dry weight (TDW), and the K+/Na+ ratio, which are critical indicators of ionic balance in plants under stress. However, SA priming improved these traits, increasing the GP, GI, SVI, SL, RL, growth rate index (GRI), mean germination time (MGT), mean daily germination (MDG), potential viability (PV), germination value (GV), K+/Na+ ratio, and TDW. Amongst the treatments, 0.1 mM SA was the most effective at increasing tomato seedling tolerance to salinity. These findings, supported by structural equation modelling (SEM), the effective multidimensional treatment (EMT) index, a heatmap, and principal component analysis (PCA), highlight the potential of SA priming and exogenous application to increase salinity tolerance by improving germination traits and maintaining ionic balance in tomato plants under saline conditions.