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<p>Bananas, an important global crop, face significant challenges in India due to viral infections that diminish yield and quality. Among these, the banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) poses a major threat. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs), particularly eIF4E and eIF4G, are essential for RNA virus infections, especially those from the Potyviridae family. Mutations in eIF4E disrupt its interaction with the viral genome-linked protein (VPg), providing resistance to the virus. Building on these insights, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the eIF gene family in bananas, exploring their chromosomal distribution, conserved motifs, evolutionary relationships, cis-regulatory elements, and expression patterns, with a particular focus on the role of eIF4E in BBrMV interactions. The findings also indicate that eIF4E is up-regulated during BBrMV infection and directly binds to the viral VPg protein. Among 57 banana germplasm accessions examined, eight exhibited point mutations in the VPg-interacting domain, indicating the presence of naturally-occurring eIF4E resistance alleles against BBrMV. These findings open up opportunities for breeding virus-resistant banana varieties. Additionally, the study underscores the significance of eIF4E genes as critical targets for gene-editing, providing strategies to enhance resistance in susceptible cultivars like Grand Nain while leveraging insights from the natural evolution of eIF4E genes in <i>Musa</i> spp.</p>

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Genomic Insights and Expression Analysis of Eukaryotic Initiation Factors (eIFs) in Banana Under Viral Stress: Focus on Evolutionary Dynamics and eIF4E Allele Mining

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • C. Anuradha,
  • A. Chandrasekar,
  • P. Prashina Mol,
  • V. Balasubramanian,
  • R. Selvarajan,
  • S. Uma

摘要

Bananas, an important global crop, face significant challenges in India due to viral infections that diminish yield and quality. Among these, the banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) poses a major threat. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs), particularly eIF4E and eIF4G, are essential for RNA virus infections, especially those from the Potyviridae family. Mutations in eIF4E disrupt its interaction with the viral genome-linked protein (VPg), providing resistance to the virus. Building on these insights, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the eIF gene family in bananas, exploring their chromosomal distribution, conserved motifs, evolutionary relationships, cis-regulatory elements, and expression patterns, with a particular focus on the role of eIF4E in BBrMV interactions. The findings also indicate that eIF4E is up-regulated during BBrMV infection and directly binds to the viral VPg protein. Among 57 banana germplasm accessions examined, eight exhibited point mutations in the VPg-interacting domain, indicating the presence of naturally-occurring eIF4E resistance alleles against BBrMV. These findings open up opportunities for breeding virus-resistant banana varieties. Additionally, the study underscores the significance of eIF4E genes as critical targets for gene-editing, providing strategies to enhance resistance in susceptible cultivars like Grand Nain while leveraging insights from the natural evolution of eIF4E genes in Musa spp.