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<p>Seed germination is a complex trait that is vital for plant growth and development. Abscisic acid (ABA) is the major phytohormone inhibiting seed germination. Although ethylene antagonizes ABA during germination, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here we proved that overexpression of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 1 (ERF1), a transcription factor in ethylene signaling pathway, could significantly promote seed germination. Combining transcriptome and phytohormone analysis we proved that ERF1 promoted seed germination by inhibiting ABA signaling pathway. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and germination assay demonstrated that ERF1 promoted seed germination through reducing ROS accumulation. Based on gene expression and biochemical analysis we showed that ERF1 enhanced antioxidant systems through inhibiting ABA signaling pathway. According to the transcriptome analysis we identified the potential mechanism inhibiting ABA and ROS signaling pathways by ERF1, among which cytokinin (CK) signaling pathway activated by ERF1 played a major role. Our results provide insights into the function of ERF1 during seed germination, potentially offering novel insights on the crosstalk between ABA and ethylene signaling pathway during germination.</p>

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Transcription Factor ERF1 Promotes Arabidopsis Seed Germination Through Maintaining ROS Homeostasis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月8日

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  • Yupeng Cao,
  • Changliang Chen,
  • Yanchun Yan,
  • Wei Wu

摘要

Seed germination is a complex trait that is vital for plant growth and development. Abscisic acid (ABA) is the major phytohormone inhibiting seed germination. Although ethylene antagonizes ABA during germination, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here we proved that overexpression of ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 1 (ERF1), a transcription factor in ethylene signaling pathway, could significantly promote seed germination. Combining transcriptome and phytohormone analysis we proved that ERF1 promoted seed germination by inhibiting ABA signaling pathway. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and germination assay demonstrated that ERF1 promoted seed germination through reducing ROS accumulation. Based on gene expression and biochemical analysis we showed that ERF1 enhanced antioxidant systems through inhibiting ABA signaling pathway. According to the transcriptome analysis we identified the potential mechanism inhibiting ABA and ROS signaling pathways by ERF1, among which cytokinin (CK) signaling pathway activated by ERF1 played a major role. Our results provide insights into the function of ERF1 during seed germination, potentially offering novel insights on the crosstalk between ABA and ethylene signaling pathway during germination.