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<p>Grapevines, as perennial plants, are more susceptible to freezing damage than annual crops are, leading to substantial economic losses. To elucidate the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and metabolic mechanisms underlying cold resistance in different grapevine varieties, three grape cultivars, namely, <i>Cabernet Sauvignon</i>, <i>Bei BingHong</i>, and <i>Beta</i>, which exhibit different levels of cold tolerance, were evaluated in this study. These cultivars were subjected to both low-temperature (8&#xa0;°C) and freezing (−&#xa0;1&#xa0;°C) treatments. The accumulation of proline and soluble sugars under cold stress led to the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). This enzymatic activity effectively reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby safeguarding cells against oxidative damage. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a positive correlation between antioxidant enzyme activity and cold tolerance. Metabolic analysis revealed that during chilling, the accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides, along with adjustments in fatty acid composition (increased unsaturated fatty acids), played a crucial role in chilling tolerance, with more significant changes observed in the tolerant varieties. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed the upregulation of cold-responsive genes that contribute to osmotic adjustment and membrane stability. Collectively, these findings substantiate the superior cold resistance of <i>Beta</i> compared with that of <i>Bei BingHong</i> and <i>Cabernet Sauvignon</i>, elucidate the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the cold stress responses of these three grape cultivars, and provide novel insights into the mechanisms of cold resistance in grapes, suggesting breeding strategies for cold-tolerant varieties.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Assessment of the Effects of Low-Temperature Stress on Antioxidant and Metabolite Levels in Cabernet Sauvignon, Bei BingHong, and Beta

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Lina Fan,
  • Dandan Cheng,
  • Hefei Bai,
  • Yanyan Wang,
  • Zhiwen Liu,
  • Fang Yu

摘要

Grapevines, as perennial plants, are more susceptible to freezing damage than annual crops are, leading to substantial economic losses. To elucidate the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and metabolic mechanisms underlying cold resistance in different grapevine varieties, three grape cultivars, namely, Cabernet Sauvignon, Bei BingHong, and Beta, which exhibit different levels of cold tolerance, were evaluated in this study. These cultivars were subjected to both low-temperature (8 °C) and freezing (− 1 °C) treatments. The accumulation of proline and soluble sugars under cold stress led to the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). This enzymatic activity effectively reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby safeguarding cells against oxidative damage. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a positive correlation between antioxidant enzyme activity and cold tolerance. Metabolic analysis revealed that during chilling, the accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides, along with adjustments in fatty acid composition (increased unsaturated fatty acids), played a crucial role in chilling tolerance, with more significant changes observed in the tolerant varieties. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed the upregulation of cold-responsive genes that contribute to osmotic adjustment and membrane stability. Collectively, these findings substantiate the superior cold resistance of Beta compared with that of Bei BingHong and Cabernet Sauvignon, elucidate the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the cold stress responses of these three grape cultivars, and provide novel insights into the mechanisms of cold resistance in grapes, suggesting breeding strategies for cold-tolerant varieties.

Graphical Abstract