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<p>Short lowest/first pod height is one of the major concerns in soybean production. To gain insights into the hormonal regulation of lowest pod height, we investigated response of elongation of basal internodes to gibberellin (GA) and/or cytokinin (CK) as well as transcriptional regulation of GA and CK metabolism genes in genotypes with contrasting lowest pod height. Treatment of seeds of the genotype with shorter lowest pod height with bioactive&#xa0;GA promoted elongation of basal internodes and lowest pod height via increasing the activity of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase and thereby enhancing cell elongation. Consistently, longer basal internodes in a genotype with taller lowest pod height exhibited elevated GA level, which is regulated via upregulation and downregulation of specific GA biosynthesis (<i>GA20ox2</i>, <i>GA20ox3</i>, <i>GA3ox2</i>, and <i>GA3ox3</i>) and catabolism (<i>GA2ox2-1</i>, <i>GA2ox4</i>, and <i>GA2ox8</i>) genes, respectively. Although seed treatment with CK alone or in combination with GA inhibited elongation of the basal internodes, the longer basal internodes in a genotype with taller lowest pod height exhibited elevated CK level, which is regulated via upregulation and downregulation of specific CK biosynthesis/reactivation (<i>IPT14</i>, <i>LOG1</i>, <i>LOG8</i>, and <i>Glu15</i>) and inactivation (<i>CKX13</i>, <i>CKX17</i>, and <i>ZOG1</i>) genes, respectively, reflecting a role for CK in cell/internode elongation. Despite the differences in their elongation, basal internodes of the two genotypes exhibited similar auxin levels. These results provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying hormonal regulation of lowest pod height in soybean.</p>

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Insights into the Roles of Gibberellin and Cytokinin Levels in Regulating Elongation of Basal Internodes and Lowest Pod Height in Soybean

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

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  • Ankita Thapar,
  • Pham Anh Tuan,
  • Amarjot Kaur,
  • Deepak Sharma,
  • Belay T. Ayele

摘要

Short lowest/first pod height is one of the major concerns in soybean production. To gain insights into the hormonal regulation of lowest pod height, we investigated response of elongation of basal internodes to gibberellin (GA) and/or cytokinin (CK) as well as transcriptional regulation of GA and CK metabolism genes in genotypes with contrasting lowest pod height. Treatment of seeds of the genotype with shorter lowest pod height with bioactive GA promoted elongation of basal internodes and lowest pod height via increasing the activity of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase and thereby enhancing cell elongation. Consistently, longer basal internodes in a genotype with taller lowest pod height exhibited elevated GA level, which is regulated via upregulation and downregulation of specific GA biosynthesis (GA20ox2, GA20ox3, GA3ox2, and GA3ox3) and catabolism (GA2ox2-1, GA2ox4, and GA2ox8) genes, respectively. Although seed treatment with CK alone or in combination with GA inhibited elongation of the basal internodes, the longer basal internodes in a genotype with taller lowest pod height exhibited elevated CK level, which is regulated via upregulation and downregulation of specific CK biosynthesis/reactivation (IPT14, LOG1, LOG8, and Glu15) and inactivation (CKX13, CKX17, and ZOG1) genes, respectively, reflecting a role for CK in cell/internode elongation. Despite the differences in their elongation, basal internodes of the two genotypes exhibited similar auxin levels. These results provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying hormonal regulation of lowest pod height in soybean.