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<p>Salinity is a significant constraint for crop production globally, alongside other stresses such as drought. While exogenously applied proline has been shown to mitigate the negative effects of these stresses, the comparative effects on maize genotypes, including their fluorescence responses and antioxidant enzyme activities under salinity stress, remain underexplored. In this regard, a hydroponic study was conducted using two maize genotypes, Monsanto-6525 and Pioneer-33H25, exposed to four treatments including, salinity (75&#xa0;mM NaCl), proline (30&#xa0;mM), and proline (30&#xa0;mM) + salinity (75&#xa0;mM NaCl), and&#xa0;a control. Foliar application of proline (control, 30&#xa0;mM) was done at 15&#xa0;mL per plant after 20&#xa0;days of transplantation. Results showed that proline application positively influenced maize growth (shoot and root dry weights), physiological responses (total chlorophyll contents, relative water contents, membrane stability index), as well as proline and ionic compositions, including shoot and root sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations. The Na was reduced, and K was improved in both maize genotypes by foliar-applied proline, however, this improvement was more perceived in Monsanto-6525 cultivar when compared with Pioneer-33H25. In addition, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, total APX) were significantly modulated under salt stress, with proline treatment helping to enhance antioxidant defense and photochemical efficiency. Overall, the study suggests that foliar application of proline can be a promising strategy for improving maize tolerance to salinity stress, with cultivar-specific responses indicating the potential for targeted application.</p>

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Foliar-Application of Proline Mitigates Salinity Stress in Two Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes: A Comparative Study of Growth, Physiology, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Ionic Composition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Tayyaba Naz,
  • Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal,
  • Iftikhar Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Adnan Sohail,
  • Shazia Iqbal,
  • Aftab Jamal,
  • Luis Alfonso Rodriguez-Paez,
  • Marcelo F. Pompelli

摘要

Salinity is a significant constraint for crop production globally, alongside other stresses such as drought. While exogenously applied proline has been shown to mitigate the negative effects of these stresses, the comparative effects on maize genotypes, including their fluorescence responses and antioxidant enzyme activities under salinity stress, remain underexplored. In this regard, a hydroponic study was conducted using two maize genotypes, Monsanto-6525 and Pioneer-33H25, exposed to four treatments including, salinity (75 mM NaCl), proline (30 mM), and proline (30 mM) + salinity (75 mM NaCl), and a control. Foliar application of proline (control, 30 mM) was done at 15 mL per plant after 20 days of transplantation. Results showed that proline application positively influenced maize growth (shoot and root dry weights), physiological responses (total chlorophyll contents, relative water contents, membrane stability index), as well as proline and ionic compositions, including shoot and root sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations. The Na was reduced, and K was improved in both maize genotypes by foliar-applied proline, however, this improvement was more perceived in Monsanto-6525 cultivar when compared with Pioneer-33H25. In addition, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, total APX) were significantly modulated under salt stress, with proline treatment helping to enhance antioxidant defense and photochemical efficiency. Overall, the study suggests that foliar application of proline can be a promising strategy for improving maize tolerance to salinity stress, with cultivar-specific responses indicating the potential for targeted application.