Scholarlink

Abstract <p>Weed infestation is a major biotic stress that remarkably impacts agricultural productivity worldwide, leading to reduced crop yields and increased management costs. Annually, weeds cause an estimated economic loss of USD 32 billion on a global scale. Additionally, drought is one of the most severe abiotic stresses, restricting plant growth and reducing global agricultural productivity by ~ 50%, threatening food security. Wheat’s physiological response to drought stress is well documented; however, its physiological, biochemical, and yield responses to the combined effects of biotic (weed interference) and abiotic (drought) stress remain less understood. To ensure global food security (SDG-2) and develop adaptive strategies against climate threats (SDG-13), understanding the impact of weed interference on wheat physiological, biochemical, and yield responses under drought stress is crucial. Therefore, this study, conducted over two years (2022 and 2023), evaluated the biochemical, physiological, and yield responses of wheat in the presence of its major weeds, <i>Phalaris minor</i> and <i>Medicago denticulata</i>, at critical competitive period (20&#xa0;days after sowing) under drought stress. The results revealed that <i>M. denticulata</i> interference induced excessive oxidative stress in wheat, as indicated by elevated levels of malondialdehyde (WW: 3.62-fold; DS: 6.58-fold), superoxide ion (Well-Watered: 2.33-fold; Drought Stress: 3.75-fold), and H₂O₂ (WW: 5.82-fold; DS: 8.87-fold). Similarly, <i>P. minor</i> interference also triggered oxidative stress, with malondialdehyde (WW: 2.13-fold; DS: 4.79-fold), superoxide ion (WW: 88.76%; DS: 1.58-fold), and H₂O₂ (WW: 1.62-fold; DS: 2.95-fold) accumulation. Reductions in relative water content, membrane stability index, photosynthetic rate, and yield accompanied this oxidative stress. Notably, <i>M. denticulata</i> interference caused more significant oxidative stress and yield reduction than <i>P. minor</i> under both well-watered (WW) and drought stress (DS) conditions. These findings highlight wheat’s higher sensitivity to <i>M. denticulata</i> competition, underscoring the need for targeted weed management strategies to mitigate yield losses under both optimal and drought-stressed environments.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Effect of Phalaris minor and Medicago denticulata on Wheat Growth and Yield Under Drought Stress: Physiological and Biochemical Insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

查看全文
  • Dasari Sreekanth,
  • Deepak Vishwanath Pawar,
  • P. S. Basavaraj,
  • Rajeev Kumar,
  • Survi Mahesh,
  • C. R. Chethan,
  • A. Jamaludheen,
  • Shobha Sondhia,
  • P. K. Singh,
  • J. S. Mishra

摘要

Abstract

Weed infestation is a major biotic stress that remarkably impacts agricultural productivity worldwide, leading to reduced crop yields and increased management costs. Annually, weeds cause an estimated economic loss of USD 32 billion on a global scale. Additionally, drought is one of the most severe abiotic stresses, restricting plant growth and reducing global agricultural productivity by ~ 50%, threatening food security. Wheat’s physiological response to drought stress is well documented; however, its physiological, biochemical, and yield responses to the combined effects of biotic (weed interference) and abiotic (drought) stress remain less understood. To ensure global food security (SDG-2) and develop adaptive strategies against climate threats (SDG-13), understanding the impact of weed interference on wheat physiological, biochemical, and yield responses under drought stress is crucial. Therefore, this study, conducted over two years (2022 and 2023), evaluated the biochemical, physiological, and yield responses of wheat in the presence of its major weeds, Phalaris minor and Medicago denticulata, at critical competitive period (20 days after sowing) under drought stress. The results revealed that M. denticulata interference induced excessive oxidative stress in wheat, as indicated by elevated levels of malondialdehyde (WW: 3.62-fold; DS: 6.58-fold), superoxide ion (Well-Watered: 2.33-fold; Drought Stress: 3.75-fold), and H₂O₂ (WW: 5.82-fold; DS: 8.87-fold). Similarly, P. minor interference also triggered oxidative stress, with malondialdehyde (WW: 2.13-fold; DS: 4.79-fold), superoxide ion (WW: 88.76%; DS: 1.58-fold), and H₂O₂ (WW: 1.62-fold; DS: 2.95-fold) accumulation. Reductions in relative water content, membrane stability index, photosynthetic rate, and yield accompanied this oxidative stress. Notably, M. denticulata interference caused more significant oxidative stress and yield reduction than P. minor under both well-watered (WW) and drought stress (DS) conditions. These findings highlight wheat’s higher sensitivity to M. denticulata competition, underscoring the need for targeted weed management strategies to mitigate yield losses under both optimal and drought-stressed environments.

Graphical Abstract