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<p>Clubroot disease, caused by <i>Plasmodiophora brassicae</i>, results in significant yield losses in cruciferous crops, including canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>). Microbial biocontrol agents can antagonize plant pathogens in a variety of ways, including induction of broad-spectrum resistance. In this study, an improvement in plant traits was observed when roots of susceptible canola were treated with selected <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas</i> and <i>Trichoderma</i> strains in presence of <i>P. brassicae</i> pathotypes—2B, 3H, 3D and 5x-LG1. Application of a cocktail comprising of <i>Bacillus atrophaeus</i> (DSM 7264), <i>Pseudomonas parafulva</i> (DSM 17004) and <i>Trichoderma virens</i> (DSM 1963) against pathotype 3H resulted in up to 35% reduction of clubroot severity and improvement in root length along with other traits. Endogenous phytohormone levels (e.g., auxin, jasmonic acid, cytokinin ribosides and glucosides) as well as contents of secondary metabolites (e.g., coniferin, syringin), including glucosinolates (e.g., gluconasturtiin, glucobrassicin) were altered in the roots of treated plants across 1-, 4-, 7-days post-infection, along with modulation of gene expression related to their metabolic pathways. Additionally, analysis of cytokinins secreted by the individual microbial strains revealed striking differences in their forms (e.g., free bases, ribosides) and types (e.g., <i>cis</i>-zeatin and isopentenyl adenine) in both culture supernatant and cell pellet fractions which may account for some of the beneficial effects observed in treated plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the three microbial strains may be used for biocontrol of clubroot disease in canola, and have provided insights into their possible modes of action, which will be useful for research that develops new agents of biocontrol.</p>

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Screening Microorganisms as Potential Clubroot Biocontrol Agents: Analysis of Phytohormones, Secondary Metabolites and Gene Expression

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月30日

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  • Ananya Sarkar,
  • Anna Kisiala,
  • Ghatwala Vedanti,
  • R. J. Neil Emery,
  • Habibur Rahman,
  • Nat N. V. Kav

摘要

Clubroot disease, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, results in significant yield losses in cruciferous crops, including canola (Brassica napus). Microbial biocontrol agents can antagonize plant pathogens in a variety of ways, including induction of broad-spectrum resistance. In this study, an improvement in plant traits was observed when roots of susceptible canola were treated with selected Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Trichoderma strains in presence of P. brassicae pathotypes—2B, 3H, 3D and 5x-LG1. Application of a cocktail comprising of Bacillus atrophaeus (DSM 7264), Pseudomonas parafulva (DSM 17004) and Trichoderma virens (DSM 1963) against pathotype 3H resulted in up to 35% reduction of clubroot severity and improvement in root length along with other traits. Endogenous phytohormone levels (e.g., auxin, jasmonic acid, cytokinin ribosides and glucosides) as well as contents of secondary metabolites (e.g., coniferin, syringin), including glucosinolates (e.g., gluconasturtiin, glucobrassicin) were altered in the roots of treated plants across 1-, 4-, 7-days post-infection, along with modulation of gene expression related to their metabolic pathways. Additionally, analysis of cytokinins secreted by the individual microbial strains revealed striking differences in their forms (e.g., free bases, ribosides) and types (e.g., cis-zeatin and isopentenyl adenine) in both culture supernatant and cell pellet fractions which may account for some of the beneficial effects observed in treated plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the three microbial strains may be used for biocontrol of clubroot disease in canola, and have provided insights into their possible modes of action, which will be useful for research that develops new agents of biocontrol.