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<p><i>Phalaenopsis</i> orchids are a cornerstone of the ornamental plant industry, with a global market value exceeding billions due to their vibrant colors, long flowering period and thus high ornamental and economic value. Notably, plant hormones play essential roles in the formation and development of flower buds, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we report that the hormones 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) could promote flower bud formation and development in <i>Phalaenopsis</i>, in which the proline and soluble protein contents and superoxide dismutase activity significantly increased. During the process of flower bud formation and development, the endogenous hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene (ETH) and 1-amino cyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) tended to increase and then decrease, whereas abscisic acid (ABA) tended to increase. Salicylic acid (SA), gibberellin (GA), cytokinin (CTK), and jasmonic acid (JA) showed decreasing trends. In addition, we identified 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to hormone signaling and biosynthesis and flower bud formation response, which may be pivotal in regulating flower formation. Our study provides insight into flower development in <i>Phalaenopsis</i>.</p>

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Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveal the Mechanism of Hormones Regulation of the Flower Bud Formation and Development in Phalaenopsis Orchid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月26日

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  • Xiaofen Gao,
  • Yang Hao,
  • Xiaoying Yang,
  • Yanping Shi,
  • Li Zhang,
  • Rui Yan

摘要

Phalaenopsis orchids are a cornerstone of the ornamental plant industry, with a global market value exceeding billions due to their vibrant colors, long flowering period and thus high ornamental and economic value. Notably, plant hormones play essential roles in the formation and development of flower buds, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, we report that the hormones 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) could promote flower bud formation and development in Phalaenopsis, in which the proline and soluble protein contents and superoxide dismutase activity significantly increased. During the process of flower bud formation and development, the endogenous hormones indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene (ETH) and 1-amino cyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) tended to increase and then decrease, whereas abscisic acid (ABA) tended to increase. Salicylic acid (SA), gibberellin (GA), cytokinin (CTK), and jasmonic acid (JA) showed decreasing trends. In addition, we identified 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to hormone signaling and biosynthesis and flower bud formation response, which may be pivotal in regulating flower formation. Our study provides insight into flower development in Phalaenopsis.