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<p>Abiotic stresses, especially drought and heat, challenge rapeseed growth and yield worldwide, demanding a comprehensive understanding of stress tolerance mechanisms. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of six RNA-Seq datasets to identify differentially expressed genes and associated biological processes in rapeseed under drought and heat stress. Drought stress triggered significant responses in rapeseed, activating proline biosynthesis pathways essential for stress adaptation. Moreover, the ABA signaling pathway exhibited alterations in gene expression under drought stress, with upregulation of <i>ABI5</i> transcription factors and <i>PP2Cs</i>, suggesting ABA-insensitive response. On the other hand, heat stress induced notable transcriptional changes in rapeseed chloroplasts, with downregulation of genes related to chloroplast components and the RUBISCO enzyme. Several heat shock proteins, especially those in mitochondria and chloroplasts, along with genes encoding other heat-responsive proteins were found to be significantly upregulated under heat stress. The construction of the PPI network and identification of hub genes revealed some previously unexamined stress-responsive hub genes. In response to drought stress, upregulated hub genes played roles in stomatal regulation, proline biosynthesis, and oxidative stress response. Downregulated hub genes in drought stress included those encoding tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related enzymes, indicating an adverse impact of drought on rapeseed’s energy system. Under heat stress, upregulated hub genes were associated with balancing the NADH/NAD<sup>+</sup> ratio, stabilizing the TCA cycle, reducing ROS production, RNA biosynthesis, and supporting energy production. Downregulated hub genes under heat stress were involved in photosystem I and carbon fixation and fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular responses of rapeseed to heat and drought stress, offering valuable insights that could aid in developing stress-tolerant cultivars.</p>

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RNA-Seq Meta-Analysis Unveils Key Genes and Pathways in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Responses to Drought and Heat Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月5日

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  • Masoud Shahsavari,
  • Valiollah Mohammadi,
  • Bahram Alizadeh,
  • Pouya Daryani

摘要

Abiotic stresses, especially drought and heat, challenge rapeseed growth and yield worldwide, demanding a comprehensive understanding of stress tolerance mechanisms. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of six RNA-Seq datasets to identify differentially expressed genes and associated biological processes in rapeseed under drought and heat stress. Drought stress triggered significant responses in rapeseed, activating proline biosynthesis pathways essential for stress adaptation. Moreover, the ABA signaling pathway exhibited alterations in gene expression under drought stress, with upregulation of ABI5 transcription factors and PP2Cs, suggesting ABA-insensitive response. On the other hand, heat stress induced notable transcriptional changes in rapeseed chloroplasts, with downregulation of genes related to chloroplast components and the RUBISCO enzyme. Several heat shock proteins, especially those in mitochondria and chloroplasts, along with genes encoding other heat-responsive proteins were found to be significantly upregulated under heat stress. The construction of the PPI network and identification of hub genes revealed some previously unexamined stress-responsive hub genes. In response to drought stress, upregulated hub genes played roles in stomatal regulation, proline biosynthesis, and oxidative stress response. Downregulated hub genes in drought stress included those encoding tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related enzymes, indicating an adverse impact of drought on rapeseed’s energy system. Under heat stress, upregulated hub genes were associated with balancing the NADH/NAD+ ratio, stabilizing the TCA cycle, reducing ROS production, RNA biosynthesis, and supporting energy production. Downregulated hub genes under heat stress were involved in photosystem I and carbon fixation and fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular responses of rapeseed to heat and drought stress, offering valuable insights that could aid in developing stress-tolerant cultivars.