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<p>A thorough understanding of the reproductive biology of <i>Portunus trituberculatus</i>, a commercially significant crab species prevalent along the temperate western Pacific coast, is required for sustainable aquaculture. The structure and function of the male mating system of <i>P. trituberculatus</i> were systematically studied using gross morphological examination, scanning electron microscopy, and histological analysis. The mating system consists of paired long first gonopods (G1), short second gonopods (G2), and penises, forming a unique mating complex. G1 is slender and tubular with lateral sutures and a needle-like tip, featuring basal insertion ports for the penis and G2. Histological sections revealed striated muscles, mucous glands, and secretory vesicles within the G1 base, complemented by external pinnate setae on the endopodite. G2 displays a bifurcated terminus with basal striated musculature and surface pinnate setae. Pinnate setae may have sensory functions. The penis is supported by the annular muscle layer and contains spongy connective tissue, and its erection mechanism is driven by haemolymph. During mating, the penis and G2 are inserted into the anterior proximal foramen (AF) and posterior distal foramen (PF), respectively. The results of the gonopod regeneration experiments reveal that the regeneration ability of this species is limited, which may be related to the protected position under the pleon. This study clarified the cooperative working mechanism of the male mating system of <i>P. trituberculatus</i>, providing a theoretical basis for its reproductive physiology research.</p>

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Morphological study of the mating organs and their regeneration in Portunus trituberculatus (Miers, 1876)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Yi Zhang,
  • Jian Yang,
  • Chunlin Wang,
  • Changkao Mu,
  • Congcong Hou

摘要

A thorough understanding of the reproductive biology of Portunus trituberculatus, a commercially significant crab species prevalent along the temperate western Pacific coast, is required for sustainable aquaculture. The structure and function of the male mating system of P. trituberculatus were systematically studied using gross morphological examination, scanning electron microscopy, and histological analysis. The mating system consists of paired long first gonopods (G1), short second gonopods (G2), and penises, forming a unique mating complex. G1 is slender and tubular with lateral sutures and a needle-like tip, featuring basal insertion ports for the penis and G2. Histological sections revealed striated muscles, mucous glands, and secretory vesicles within the G1 base, complemented by external pinnate setae on the endopodite. G2 displays a bifurcated terminus with basal striated musculature and surface pinnate setae. Pinnate setae may have sensory functions. The penis is supported by the annular muscle layer and contains spongy connective tissue, and its erection mechanism is driven by haemolymph. During mating, the penis and G2 are inserted into the anterior proximal foramen (AF) and posterior distal foramen (PF), respectively. The results of the gonopod regeneration experiments reveal that the regeneration ability of this species is limited, which may be related to the protected position under the pleon. This study clarified the cooperative working mechanism of the male mating system of P. trituberculatus, providing a theoretical basis for its reproductive physiology research.