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<p>Domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin mainly produced by marine diatoms, poses serious threats to marine organisms and human health. <i>Nitzschia</i> Hassall is a highly diverse and taxonomically complex diatom genus, widely distributed across freshwater, marine, and brackish habitats as an important primary producer. To specify the DA profile of <i>Nitzschia</i> species, 30 monoclonal strains taken from Chinese marine waters were established, of which two strains isolated from the Dalian coast of the Bohai Sea produced DA, isodomoic acid A (IA) and epitype DA (epi-DA) as LC-MS/MS results confirmed. The total content of DA and isomers was 1.75–4.90 fg/cell, and the DA content was 1.68–4.42 fg/cell, accounting for more than 90%. The two toxic <i>Nitzschia</i> strains belonged to the same species, having the same morphology and sequences (<i>SSU</i>, <i>LSU</i>, <i>ITS</i>, and <i>rbcL</i>). This is the third species of the genus <i>Nitzschia</i> reported capable of producing DA. Combining morphological and molecular evidence, it could be described conservatively as <i>Nitzschia</i> cf. <i>inordinata</i>. It resembles <i>Nitzschia inordinata</i> morphologically, but differs by lanceolate (vs. slightly sigmoid) valve outline and striation interruptions separated from the keel by 2–4 poroids (vs. originating on the keel), which correspond to the presence of 12 bp (percent identity (PID)=99.08%) in <i>rbcL</i> and 19 bp (PID=98.28%) in <i>SSU</i>. Metabarcoding data revealed that <i>N.</i> cf. <i>inordinata</i> is a rare but widely distributed species in Chinese coastal waters from temperate to subtropical and tropical areas.</p>

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A new domoic acid-producing diatom Nitzschia cf. inordinata (Bacillariophyceae) in Chinese coastal waters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Fang Yue,
  • Biaobiao Niu,
  • Guanchao Zheng,
  • Yuichi Kotaki,
  • Nina Lundholm,
  • Huanchang Dong,
  • Xiaofeng Huang,
  • Xiaohang Jiang,
  • Zhijun Tan,
  • Yang Li

摘要

Domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin mainly produced by marine diatoms, poses serious threats to marine organisms and human health. Nitzschia Hassall is a highly diverse and taxonomically complex diatom genus, widely distributed across freshwater, marine, and brackish habitats as an important primary producer. To specify the DA profile of Nitzschia species, 30 monoclonal strains taken from Chinese marine waters were established, of which two strains isolated from the Dalian coast of the Bohai Sea produced DA, isodomoic acid A (IA) and epitype DA (epi-DA) as LC-MS/MS results confirmed. The total content of DA and isomers was 1.75–4.90 fg/cell, and the DA content was 1.68–4.42 fg/cell, accounting for more than 90%. The two toxic Nitzschia strains belonged to the same species, having the same morphology and sequences (SSU, LSU, ITS, and rbcL). This is the third species of the genus Nitzschia reported capable of producing DA. Combining morphological and molecular evidence, it could be described conservatively as Nitzschia cf. inordinata. It resembles Nitzschia inordinata morphologically, but differs by lanceolate (vs. slightly sigmoid) valve outline and striation interruptions separated from the keel by 2–4 poroids (vs. originating on the keel), which correspond to the presence of 12 bp (percent identity (PID)=99.08%) in rbcL and 19 bp (PID=98.28%) in SSU. Metabarcoding data revealed that N. cf. inordinata is a rare but widely distributed species in Chinese coastal waters from temperate to subtropical and tropical areas.