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<p>The large yellow croaker (<i>Larimichthys crocea</i>) is a critical mariculture species in China that frequently suffers significant outbreaks of <i>Cryptocaryon irritans</i> infections, especially in warm months, leading to severe economic losses. We investigated the therapeutic effects of florfenicol (FFC) against <i>C. irritans</i> in large yellow croaker, focusing on survival outcomes, antioxidant capacity and immune mechanisms through transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. FFC supplementation at 0.75 g/kg significantly improved survival rates (57.9%) compared to the control group (1.17%) at 120 h post-infection. FFC enhanced antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and lysozyme (LZM), and reduced oxidative stress markers (MDA) in both liver and serum. Liver transcriptomic analysis revealed the upregulation of 4 538 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with significant enrichment in pathways such as aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, proteasome activity, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Metabolomic analysis further highlighted changes in amino acid metabolism, confirming enhanced immune protein production. The integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data demonstrated that FFC promotes amino acid metabolism, unfolded protein response (UPR) and antigen presentation pathways, collectively enhancing both cellular and humoral immunity. These findings provide comprehensive insights into FFC’s mechanisms of action and suggest its potential for mitigating <i>C. irritans</i> infections in aquaculture systems.</p>

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Effects of florfenicol on Cryptocaryon irritans infections in large yellow croaker in transcriptomics and metabolomics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Chengzhang Huang,
  • Kai Xu,
  • Tao Zhu,
  • Weiye Li,
  • Zhangjie Chu,
  • Yang Gao,
  • Xiaolong Yin

摘要

The large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is a critical mariculture species in China that frequently suffers significant outbreaks of Cryptocaryon irritans infections, especially in warm months, leading to severe economic losses. We investigated the therapeutic effects of florfenicol (FFC) against C. irritans in large yellow croaker, focusing on survival outcomes, antioxidant capacity and immune mechanisms through transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches. FFC supplementation at 0.75 g/kg significantly improved survival rates (57.9%) compared to the control group (1.17%) at 120 h post-infection. FFC enhanced antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and lysozyme (LZM), and reduced oxidative stress markers (MDA) in both liver and serum. Liver transcriptomic analysis revealed the upregulation of 4 538 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with significant enrichment in pathways such as aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, proteasome activity, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Metabolomic analysis further highlighted changes in amino acid metabolism, confirming enhanced immune protein production. The integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data demonstrated that FFC promotes amino acid metabolism, unfolded protein response (UPR) and antigen presentation pathways, collectively enhancing both cellular and humoral immunity. These findings provide comprehensive insights into FFC’s mechanisms of action and suggest its potential for mitigating C. irritans infections in aquaculture systems.