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<p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which develops due to insulin resistance (T2DM), insulin deficiency, or glucagon overproduction (T1DM). One of the key consequences of hyperglycemia is nonenzymatic glycation of biomolecules, including proteins, lipoproteins, and lipids. The aim of this study was to determine the optical properties of adipose tissue in healthy rats and rats with experimentally induced T1DM using multiwavelength refractometry and spectroscopy, followed by data verification through histological analysis and molecular modeling. Glycation of collagen and phosphatidylethanolamine was shown to lead to expansion and destabilization of their hydration shells. A comprehensive analysis revealed a correlation between optical properties, structural changes in tissues, and their hydration. The differences in the optical properties of abdominal fat, arising from pathological glycation and hydration, could enable the development of label-free optical methods to monitor T1DM in experimental settings. This approach may ultimately support new strategies for predicting, diagnosing, and tracking the progression of T1DM in humans.</p>

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Modulation of optical properties of adipose tissue in diabetes mellitus associated with its glycation and hydration

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Irina Yanina,
  • Kirill Berezin,
  • Daria Tuchina,
  • Natalia Shushunova,
  • Elena Stepanovich,
  • Alla Bucharskaya,
  • Artyom Mylnikov,
  • Nikita Navolokin,
  • Valery Tuchin

摘要

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which develops due to insulin resistance (T2DM), insulin deficiency, or glucagon overproduction (T1DM). One of the key consequences of hyperglycemia is nonenzymatic glycation of biomolecules, including proteins, lipoproteins, and lipids. The aim of this study was to determine the optical properties of adipose tissue in healthy rats and rats with experimentally induced T1DM using multiwavelength refractometry and spectroscopy, followed by data verification through histological analysis and molecular modeling. Glycation of collagen and phosphatidylethanolamine was shown to lead to expansion and destabilization of their hydration shells. A comprehensive analysis revealed a correlation between optical properties, structural changes in tissues, and their hydration. The differences in the optical properties of abdominal fat, arising from pathological glycation and hydration, could enable the development of label-free optical methods to monitor T1DM in experimental settings. This approach may ultimately support new strategies for predicting, diagnosing, and tracking the progression of T1DM in humans.