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<p>Phase sensitive optical parametric amplification (PS-OPA) can realize noiseless amplification in theory. However, Raman effect affects the four-wave mixing (FWM) process and induces excess noise in FWM-based PS-OPA systems. To achieve a more precise description of the gain evolution within the PS-OPA and its associated noise characteristics, we modified a more comprehensive theoretical model to analyze the joint impact of the Raman effect and the FWM effect. It is found that the Raman effect competes with FWM effect, which can change the evolution trend of power and relative phase in a FWM process and affect gain and noise figure (NF) features of the PS-OPA. With different frequency shift, obvious asymmetry for both gain and NF spectra is induced by Raman scattering. This model can be applied to investigate single-pump frequency non-degenerate PS-OPA with third-order nonlinear media such as highly nonlinear optical fibers (HNLF) and silicon waveguides.</p>

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Influence of Raman effect on gain and noise characteristics of non-degenerate cascaded phase sensitive optical parametric amplifier

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Zhe Yuan,
  • Jiachen Liu,
  • Zhaolu Wang,
  • Wenqi Xu,
  • Changchang Zhang,
  • Wenjuan Shi,
  • Hongjun Liu

摘要

Phase sensitive optical parametric amplification (PS-OPA) can realize noiseless amplification in theory. However, Raman effect affects the four-wave mixing (FWM) process and induces excess noise in FWM-based PS-OPA systems. To achieve a more precise description of the gain evolution within the PS-OPA and its associated noise characteristics, we modified a more comprehensive theoretical model to analyze the joint impact of the Raman effect and the FWM effect. It is found that the Raman effect competes with FWM effect, which can change the evolution trend of power and relative phase in a FWM process and affect gain and noise figure (NF) features of the PS-OPA. With different frequency shift, obvious asymmetry for both gain and NF spectra is induced by Raman scattering. This model can be applied to investigate single-pump frequency non-degenerate PS-OPA with third-order nonlinear media such as highly nonlinear optical fibers (HNLF) and silicon waveguides.