Frequency-dependent magnetic hysteresis and SAR optimization in nanoparticle-mediated hyperthermia

Magnetic hyperthermia using biodegradable magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) presents a promising strategy for precise cancer therapy. This study develops a comprehensive thermodynamic model to simulate heat propagation in tumor microenvironments under alternating magnetic fields (AMFs). The model incorporates key parameters such as tissue heterogeneity, vascular perfusion, nanoparticle degradation, and AMF properties to optimize localized heat delivery. Using finite element simulations, we analyze heat distribution across various tumor geometries and nanoparticle configurations. Results reveal that MNP size, biodegradability, and AMF frequency critically influence thermal profiles, enabling targeted heating with minimal impact on healthy tissues. The model’s predictions are validated against experimental data, demonstrating its utility in optimizing nanoparticle design and treatment protocols. This work lays a theoretical foundation for enhancing magnetic hyperthermia’s efficacy in clinical cancer treatments while addressing the challenges posed by biodegradable materials.