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<p>With the rapid diversification of application scenarios, flexible piezoelectric sensors are often required to be attached to objects with irregular surfaces, which demands that such sensors possess not only high sensitivity but also excellent shape adaptability. Therefore, flexible piezoelectret metamaterials have emerged as ideal sensor materials. In this study, environmentally friendly polylactic acid (PLA) films were selected as the substrate material, and its electret properties were optimized through pre-treatment to enhance charge storage stability. Subsequently, based on the optimized PLA films subjected to corona polarization, piezoelectret metamaterials with a double-V structure were fabricated using 3D-printed molds combined with thermal bonding. The results indicate that the fabricated piezoelectret metamaterial exhibits significant transverse piezoelectric activity, with a piezoelectric <i>d</i>₃₁ coefficient reaching 340 pC/N, and maintains stable output even under different bending conditions, thus demonstrating excellent shape adaptability. Sensors based on this material can accurately detect both the quasi-static deformation induced by thin-plate bending and dynamic deformation generated by U-shaped bracket vibrations. Furthermore, the PLA metamaterial sensors also demonstrate strong applicability in respiratory health diagnostics for human lung function. This research provides a robust solution for fully implementation of piezoelectret metamaterial sensing applications on irregularly shaped objects.</p>

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Poly(lactic acid)-based piezoelectret metamaterials for high-sensitivity and shape-adaptive sensing applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Zhiming Shi,
  • Yutong Chen,
  • Xingchen Ma,
  • Xiaoqing Zhang

摘要

With the rapid diversification of application scenarios, flexible piezoelectric sensors are often required to be attached to objects with irregular surfaces, which demands that such sensors possess not only high sensitivity but also excellent shape adaptability. Therefore, flexible piezoelectret metamaterials have emerged as ideal sensor materials. In this study, environmentally friendly polylactic acid (PLA) films were selected as the substrate material, and its electret properties were optimized through pre-treatment to enhance charge storage stability. Subsequently, based on the optimized PLA films subjected to corona polarization, piezoelectret metamaterials with a double-V structure were fabricated using 3D-printed molds combined with thermal bonding. The results indicate that the fabricated piezoelectret metamaterial exhibits significant transverse piezoelectric activity, with a piezoelectric d₃₁ coefficient reaching 340 pC/N, and maintains stable output even under different bending conditions, thus demonstrating excellent shape adaptability. Sensors based on this material can accurately detect both the quasi-static deformation induced by thin-plate bending and dynamic deformation generated by U-shaped bracket vibrations. Furthermore, the PLA metamaterial sensors also demonstrate strong applicability in respiratory health diagnostics for human lung function. This research provides a robust solution for fully implementation of piezoelectret metamaterial sensing applications on irregularly shaped objects.