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<p>This study investigates the influence of sintering conditions (temperature (T<sub>S</sub>) and time (t<sub>S</sub>)) on the structure, microstructure, elemental, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of manganite perovskite La<sub>0.8</sub>Na<sub>0.2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>. Two sintering cycles were studied: cycle (1) (T<sub>S</sub>=1000&#xa0;°C, t<sub>S</sub>=20&#xa0;h) and cycle (2) (T<sub>S</sub>=1200&#xa0;°C, t<sub>S</sub>=10&#xa0;h). Structural and morphological characterizations were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), while magnetic properties were analyzed through magnetization measurements. XRD analysis confirmed a rhombohedral structure with the R<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:\stackrel{-}{3}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>c space group for all samples, and EDS verified the presence of the intended elements. SEM observations revealed that the second sintering cycle significantly reduced porosity and improved pellet densification. Magnetic measurements showed a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in all samples. Arrott diagrams and universal entropy change curves confirmed a second-order phase transition. The Curie temperature remained nearly-unchangeble, and the maximum magnetic entropy change under 5 T improved, highlighting the beneficial role of elevated sintering temperature.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Effect of sintering conditions on the structure, microstructure, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of La0.8Na0.2MnO3

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Nisrine El Hamouchi,
  • Sara Ait Bouzid,
  • Mohammed Sajieddine,
  • El Kebir Hlil,
  • Mohammed Mansori,
  • Abdellatif Essoumhi

摘要

This study investigates the influence of sintering conditions (temperature (TS) and time (tS)) on the structure, microstructure, elemental, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of manganite perovskite La0.8Na0.2MnO3. Two sintering cycles were studied: cycle (1) (TS=1000 °C, tS=20 h) and cycle (2) (TS=1200 °C, tS=10 h). Structural and morphological characterizations were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), while magnetic properties were analyzed through magnetization measurements. XRD analysis confirmed a rhombohedral structure with the R \(\:\stackrel{-}{3}\) c space group for all samples, and EDS verified the presence of the intended elements. SEM observations revealed that the second sintering cycle significantly reduced porosity and improved pellet densification. Magnetic measurements showed a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in all samples. Arrott diagrams and universal entropy change curves confirmed a second-order phase transition. The Curie temperature remained nearly-unchangeble, and the maximum magnetic entropy change under 5 T improved, highlighting the beneficial role of elevated sintering temperature.

Graphical abstract