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<p>Acoustic metamaterials enable precise control of sound and elastic waves through engineered microstructures rather than relying on intrinsic material properties, offering great potential for vibration isolation and noise reduction. In this work, we propose a two-dimensional rhombic acoustic metamaterial obtained by introducing a self-similar transformation into a pentamode-inspired lattice. The self-similar architecture converts the original quasi-fluid pentamode response into a structure exhibiting pronounced elastic-wave band gaps. A binary-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is then employed to optimize six key geometric parameters with respect to two objectives: maximizing the widest single band gap and maximizing the cumulative band gap width below 12&#xa0;kHz. Numerical results show that the optimized self-similar design increases the total band gap width from 4019 to 8653&#xa0;Hz within 0–12&#xa0;kHz, corresponding to a band gap coverage of 72.1% in this range, while the single widest gap is enlarged by about 10%. For the final optimal total band gap design, the reported gap intervals were further checked by a full first-Brillouin-zone scan. Parametric studies further clarify the influence of the arm-radius ratio and constituent materials on the band gap distribution. Harmonic-response simulations and vibration-transmission experiments on 3D-printed samples confirm that the optimized structure strongly suppresses elastic-wave propagation within the predicted band gaps. These findings demonstrate that combining self-similar structural design with GA-based parameter optimization provides an effective route to achieving ultrawide-band acoustic metamaterials for broadband vibration isolation and noise control applications. </p>

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Design of a two-dimensional self-similar acoustic metamaterial with ultra-wide band gaps via genetic algorithm optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Chuang Zhou,
  • Qi Li

摘要

Acoustic metamaterials enable precise control of sound and elastic waves through engineered microstructures rather than relying on intrinsic material properties, offering great potential for vibration isolation and noise reduction. In this work, we propose a two-dimensional rhombic acoustic metamaterial obtained by introducing a self-similar transformation into a pentamode-inspired lattice. The self-similar architecture converts the original quasi-fluid pentamode response into a structure exhibiting pronounced elastic-wave band gaps. A binary-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is then employed to optimize six key geometric parameters with respect to two objectives: maximizing the widest single band gap and maximizing the cumulative band gap width below 12 kHz. Numerical results show that the optimized self-similar design increases the total band gap width from 4019 to 8653 Hz within 0–12 kHz, corresponding to a band gap coverage of 72.1% in this range, while the single widest gap is enlarged by about 10%. For the final optimal total band gap design, the reported gap intervals were further checked by a full first-Brillouin-zone scan. Parametric studies further clarify the influence of the arm-radius ratio and constituent materials on the band gap distribution. Harmonic-response simulations and vibration-transmission experiments on 3D-printed samples confirm that the optimized structure strongly suppresses elastic-wave propagation within the predicted band gaps. These findings demonstrate that combining self-similar structural design with GA-based parameter optimization provides an effective route to achieving ultrawide-band acoustic metamaterials for broadband vibration isolation and noise control applications.