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<p>This study presents distinct optical aspects and structural properties of zinc-based nanoparticles (NP) synthesized in water and ethanol environments via pulsed laser ablation of zinc targets under various uniform external electric fields (EEF). UV-Vis spectra of colloidal NP in water indicate ZnO formation with a blue-shift in the absorption band under stronger EEFs, while in ethanol the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic Zn NPs is illustrated, which becomes sharper as EEF increases. Moreover, higher absorbance in their spectra with increasing EEF is illustrated for both liquids. These spectral findings are attributed to the combined liquid environment and EEF effects on NPs’ properties, size, and concentration. Studying aging effects of Zn NPs prepared in ethanol at each EEF reveals a gradual transformation from freshly metallic Zn NPs to Zn‑ZnO core–shell structures with signs of Zn(OH)₂ and conversion to ZnO after two months. The ablation rate and NPs’ size distribution of each sample are precisely investigated by analyzing craters’ dimensions on the target surface and FESEM images of NPs. This comparative approach demonstrates the influence of solvent and application of EEF on the spectral response of Zn and ZnO NPs, while significantly enhancing NP yield and formation of smaller, more uniformly distributed NPs.</p>

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Water vs. ethanol zinc-based nanoparticles synthesized via laser ablation under various uniform electric fields and aging effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Danial Gharah Bigloo,
  • Mohammad Hossein Mahdieh

摘要

This study presents distinct optical aspects and structural properties of zinc-based nanoparticles (NP) synthesized in water and ethanol environments via pulsed laser ablation of zinc targets under various uniform external electric fields (EEF). UV-Vis spectra of colloidal NP in water indicate ZnO formation with a blue-shift in the absorption band under stronger EEFs, while in ethanol the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic Zn NPs is illustrated, which becomes sharper as EEF increases. Moreover, higher absorbance in their spectra with increasing EEF is illustrated for both liquids. These spectral findings are attributed to the combined liquid environment and EEF effects on NPs’ properties, size, and concentration. Studying aging effects of Zn NPs prepared in ethanol at each EEF reveals a gradual transformation from freshly metallic Zn NPs to Zn‑ZnO core–shell structures with signs of Zn(OH)₂ and conversion to ZnO after two months. The ablation rate and NPs’ size distribution of each sample are precisely investigated by analyzing craters’ dimensions on the target surface and FESEM images of NPs. This comparative approach demonstrates the influence of solvent and application of EEF on the spectral response of Zn and ZnO NPs, while significantly enhancing NP yield and formation of smaller, more uniformly distributed NPs.