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<p>This study focuses on synthesizing a novel rare-earth (neodymium) doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ using diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) ligand as single source precursor and examining its potential for most indispensable renewable energy technologies of supercapacitors and water splitting. The Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃ is characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FESEM reveals the spherical agglomerates. XRD confirms the crystalline nature of the material with small crystallite size of 20.76&#xa0;nm. UV-vis results show the photoactivity of the material in both the ultraviolet and visible regions with bandgap of 2.70&#xa0;eV. FTIR confirms the metal sulfide peaks in the range of 400–800&#xa0;cm⁻¹. The supercapacitors study is done using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge Discharge (GCD), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The results of these techniques show high specific capacitance of 157.25&#xa0;F g<sup>− 1</sup>, low resistivity of 0.80 Ω, and high charge storage capacity of the complex with power density of 617.74&#xa0;W kg<sup>− 1</sup>, which makes it an exceptional material for supercapacitor electrodes. Overall water splitting OER and HER studies are conducted using Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and Chronoamperometry (CA). The results show excellent electrocatalytic activity of the Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ for both OER and HER. The overpotential for OER is calculated as 370 mV and − 223 mV for HER at current density of 10&#xa0;mA cm⁻². Chronoamperometry (CA) confirms that the Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ is exceptionally stable.</p>

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Engineering Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ using single source precursor for supercapacitors and Water splitting applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Syeda Pakeeza Ibrar,
  • Khuram Shahzad Ahmad,
  • Jehad S. Al-Hawadi,
  • Shaheen Begum,
  • Osama M. Alkhudhari,
  • Suliman A. Alderhami,
  • Amal Altujjar,
  • Ram K. Gupta,
  • Bhumikaben Makawana

摘要

This study focuses on synthesizing a novel rare-earth (neodymium) doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ using diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) ligand as single source precursor and examining its potential for most indispensable renewable energy technologies of supercapacitors and water splitting. The Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃ is characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FESEM reveals the spherical agglomerates. XRD confirms the crystalline nature of the material with small crystallite size of 20.76 nm. UV-vis results show the photoactivity of the material in both the ultraviolet and visible regions with bandgap of 2.70 eV. FTIR confirms the metal sulfide peaks in the range of 400–800 cm⁻¹. The supercapacitors study is done using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge Discharge (GCD), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The results of these techniques show high specific capacitance of 157.25 F g− 1, low resistivity of 0.80 Ω, and high charge storage capacity of the complex with power density of 617.74 W kg− 1, which makes it an exceptional material for supercapacitor electrodes. Overall water splitting OER and HER studies are conducted using Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and Chronoamperometry (CA). The results show excellent electrocatalytic activity of the Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ for both OER and HER. The overpotential for OER is calculated as 370 mV and − 223 mV for HER at current density of 10 mA cm⁻². Chronoamperometry (CA) confirms that the Nd-doped quaternary metal sulfide NiS₂:ZrS₃:ZnS: Cu₃₄S₃₂ is exceptionally stable.