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<p>Dye pollution is becoming a major environmental concern due to its persistence and negative consequences on ecosystems and human health. The green synthesis of CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoneedles using <i>Clitoria ternatea</i> flower extract demonstrates an eco-friendly and sustainable approach with enhanced functional performance. Their efficiency as visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of Congo red dye is also evaluated. XRD confirmed the formation of cubic-phase CeO<sub>2</sub> with an average crystallite size of ~ 25&#xa0;nm, while UV–DRS analysis revealed a narrowed bandgap of 2.57&#xa0;eV, favoring visible-light activation. FTIR spectra indicated the involvement of hydroxyl, amine, and phenolic groups in nanoparticle stabilization, and FESEM/TEM micrographs showed uniform needle-like morphologies with lengths of 120–150&#xa0;nm and diameters of 20–30&#xa0;nm. The CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoneedles degraded 92% of Congo red within 60&#xa0;min under visible light, exhibiting a kinetic rate constant of 0.034&#xa0;min<sup>− 1</sup>. Antibacterial assays demonstrated inhibition zones of 15.2&#xa0;mm against <i>Proteus vulgaris</i> and 11.7&#xa0;mm against <i>Streptomyces albus</i>, attributed to ROS-induced cellular damage. CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoneedles show promise as visible light photocatalysts for organic pollutant breakdown, leading to long-term environmental restoration and biomedical developments.</p>

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Enhanced antibacterial activity and photocatalytic degradation by Clitoria ternatea flower extract-based green CeO2 nanoneedles for wastewater and antibacterial applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Mohd Shkir,
  • Atif Mossad Ali

摘要

Dye pollution is becoming a major environmental concern due to its persistence and negative consequences on ecosystems and human health. The green synthesis of CeO2 nanoneedles using Clitoria ternatea flower extract demonstrates an eco-friendly and sustainable approach with enhanced functional performance. Their efficiency as visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of Congo red dye is also evaluated. XRD confirmed the formation of cubic-phase CeO2 with an average crystallite size of ~ 25 nm, while UV–DRS analysis revealed a narrowed bandgap of 2.57 eV, favoring visible-light activation. FTIR spectra indicated the involvement of hydroxyl, amine, and phenolic groups in nanoparticle stabilization, and FESEM/TEM micrographs showed uniform needle-like morphologies with lengths of 120–150 nm and diameters of 20–30 nm. The CeO2 nanoneedles degraded 92% of Congo red within 60 min under visible light, exhibiting a kinetic rate constant of 0.034 min− 1. Antibacterial assays demonstrated inhibition zones of 15.2 mm against Proteus vulgaris and 11.7 mm against Streptomyces albus, attributed to ROS-induced cellular damage. CeO2 nanoneedles show promise as visible light photocatalysts for organic pollutant breakdown, leading to long-term environmental restoration and biomedical developments.