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<p>To improve the high-quality drilling capability of 2.5D-Cf/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) for high-temperature structural applications, this study systematically investigates the drilling quality and efficiency characteristics of millisecond pulse laser under varying hole diameters (0.6&#xa0;mm to 1.7&#xa0;mm). Key metrics such as hole geometry accuracy, sidewall roughness, taper angle, and machining time were evaluated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and laser confocal microscopy. Results reveal a consistent entrance-export diameter mismatch during laser drilling, resulting in positive tapers ranging from 3.2° to 4.2°. Smaller holes (&lt; 1&#xa0;mm) exhibited more pronounced export deformation, while larger holes significantly increased machining time. The constituent materials showed distinct responses to laser ablation: carbon fibers exhibited anisotropic ablation with transverse scratches on the hole walls, whereas the SiC matrix developed regular vertical striations, leading to notable roughness variations. The 1.2&#xa0;mm hole diameter demonstrated the poorest surface quality across roughness parameters, indicating a nonlinear mismatch between laser energy and hole size. This study confirms the potential of millisecond pulse laser for efficient drilling in Cf/SiC CMCs and elucidates the critical coupling relationship between hole diameter and process parameters. These findings provide theoretical insight and experimental evidence supporting the application of laser precision machining in high-performance ceramic structures.</p>

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Analysis of morphology and roughness in millisecond pulse laser drilling in 2.5D-Cf/SiC ceramic matrix composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • Liangliang Li,
  • Jianwei Mu,
  • Xin Pan,
  • Biao Liu,
  • Jiwen Xu,
  • Hao Wang

摘要

To improve the high-quality drilling capability of 2.5D-Cf/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) for high-temperature structural applications, this study systematically investigates the drilling quality and efficiency characteristics of millisecond pulse laser under varying hole diameters (0.6 mm to 1.7 mm). Key metrics such as hole geometry accuracy, sidewall roughness, taper angle, and machining time were evaluated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and laser confocal microscopy. Results reveal a consistent entrance-export diameter mismatch during laser drilling, resulting in positive tapers ranging from 3.2° to 4.2°. Smaller holes (< 1 mm) exhibited more pronounced export deformation, while larger holes significantly increased machining time. The constituent materials showed distinct responses to laser ablation: carbon fibers exhibited anisotropic ablation with transverse scratches on the hole walls, whereas the SiC matrix developed regular vertical striations, leading to notable roughness variations. The 1.2 mm hole diameter demonstrated the poorest surface quality across roughness parameters, indicating a nonlinear mismatch between laser energy and hole size. This study confirms the potential of millisecond pulse laser for efficient drilling in Cf/SiC CMCs and elucidates the critical coupling relationship between hole diameter and process parameters. These findings provide theoretical insight and experimental evidence supporting the application of laser precision machining in high-performance ceramic structures.