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<p>Lead-free bismuth sodium titanate [Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BNT)]-based ceramics have garnered extensive attention due to their excellent electrostrain performance. Although various BNT-based compositions exhibit giant strain, they are often accompanied by significant strain hysteresis. In this work, La<sup>3+</sup> was doped into the matrix ceramic to reduce the size of ferroelectric domains. Consequently, these polar nanodomains markedly reduce strain hysteresis without sacrificing electrostrain; strain shifts minimally from 0.42% to 0.41%, whereas hysteresis plunges from 70.8% to 41.3%. Moreover, the La-doped ceramics exhibited remarkable temperature stability. The strain variation is only 8% between 40 ℃ and 140 ℃, compared to 19% in the pristine composition. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that the addition of La³⁺, which refines ferroelectric domains into smaller nanodomains that retain rapid electric-field responsiveness even at elevated temperatures, thereby ensuring consistent field-induced electrostriction across a range of temperature variations. This work provides valuable guidance for achieving high strain with low hysteresis in relaxor ferroelectric.</p>

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Simultaneous high electrostrain and hysteresis reduction via nanodomain engineering in BNT-based ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Ping Peng,
  • Xi Zou,
  • Li Huang,
  • Hengchang Nie,
  • Genshui Wang

摘要

Lead-free bismuth sodium titanate [Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT)]-based ceramics have garnered extensive attention due to their excellent electrostrain performance. Although various BNT-based compositions exhibit giant strain, they are often accompanied by significant strain hysteresis. In this work, La3+ was doped into the matrix ceramic to reduce the size of ferroelectric domains. Consequently, these polar nanodomains markedly reduce strain hysteresis without sacrificing electrostrain; strain shifts minimally from 0.42% to 0.41%, whereas hysteresis plunges from 70.8% to 41.3%. Moreover, the La-doped ceramics exhibited remarkable temperature stability. The strain variation is only 8% between 40 ℃ and 140 ℃, compared to 19% in the pristine composition. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that the addition of La³⁺, which refines ferroelectric domains into smaller nanodomains that retain rapid electric-field responsiveness even at elevated temperatures, thereby ensuring consistent field-induced electrostriction across a range of temperature variations. This work provides valuable guidance for achieving high strain with low hysteresis in relaxor ferroelectric.