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<p>Traditional polishing methods struggle to achieve high precision smoothness on titanium alloy surfaces. In contrast, laser polishing can accomplish micron-level or even nano-level precise processing by accurately controlling parameters of the laser beam, such as energy density and spot size, which can effectively remove minute protrusions, pits, and scratches from the surface, resulting in exceptional surface flatness and smoothness, which meets the stringent surface quality requirements of components in high-end fields like aerospace and medical devices. Consequently, the surface generation mechanism and process optimization of laser polishing additively manufacturing of titanium alloys is conducted, and a numerical simulation model for laser polishing under thermo-mechanical coupling is established. Validations confirm that profile undulation heights of experimental and simulation results are generally consistent. Besides, the effect of laser processing parameters on surface roughness parameters (<i>S</i>a, <i>S</i>q, <i>S</i>sk and <i>S</i>ku), surface morphology, hardness and melt pool width for additively manufactured TC4 is disclosed, and the content of C element on the surface can be controlled below 3%, and the content of O element can be controlled around 5% under argon protective atmosphere. This study has a certain promoting effect on improving surface quality of laser polished titanium alloy, enhancing material performance, expanding application range and improving the production efficiency.</p>

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Study on the laser polishing mechanism and surface quality of additively manufactured titanium alloy TC4

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Liangliang Li,
  • Ming Liu,
  • Yao Sun,
  • Jiwen Xu,
  • Jinlong Li,
  • Taiyue Liu,
  • Tianwei He

摘要

Traditional polishing methods struggle to achieve high precision smoothness on titanium alloy surfaces. In contrast, laser polishing can accomplish micron-level or even nano-level precise processing by accurately controlling parameters of the laser beam, such as energy density and spot size, which can effectively remove minute protrusions, pits, and scratches from the surface, resulting in exceptional surface flatness and smoothness, which meets the stringent surface quality requirements of components in high-end fields like aerospace and medical devices. Consequently, the surface generation mechanism and process optimization of laser polishing additively manufacturing of titanium alloys is conducted, and a numerical simulation model for laser polishing under thermo-mechanical coupling is established. Validations confirm that profile undulation heights of experimental and simulation results are generally consistent. Besides, the effect of laser processing parameters on surface roughness parameters (Sa, Sq, Ssk and Sku), surface morphology, hardness and melt pool width for additively manufactured TC4 is disclosed, and the content of C element on the surface can be controlled below 3%, and the content of O element can be controlled around 5% under argon protective atmosphere. This study has a certain promoting effect on improving surface quality of laser polished titanium alloy, enhancing material performance, expanding application range and improving the production efficiency.