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<p>In the present investigation, pure LaFeO₃ nanoparticles (LFNPs) and aluminium-doped LaFeO₃ nanoparticles (LAFNPs) were synthesized via the sol–gel method to explore their structural, mechanical, thermal, and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that increasing Al³⁺ ion concentration (x = 0.00 to 0.10) resulted in a systematic shift in diffraction peaks toward higher angles, indicating a reduction in lattice parameters and crystallite size. Specifically, the crystallite size decreased from 23.63&#xa0;nm (x = 0.00) to 18.44&#xa0;nm (x = 0.10) using the Debye–Scherrer method, and from 22.96&#xa0;nm to 18.21&#xa0;nm using the Williamson–Hall method. The orthorhombic perovskite structure was retained across all doping levels. A concurrent increase in lattice strain (from 16.16 × 10⁻³ to 16.96 × 10⁻³) and dislocation density (from 1.79 × 10¹⁵ to 2.94 × 10¹⁵ m⁻²) was observed with higher Al³⁺ concentrations. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed notable morphological changes with doping. Magnetic hysteresis (M–H) measurements showed that both the surface area of the magnetic loop and the magnetization increased with Al³⁺ doping. However, the area enclosed by the M–H curve decreased with increasing sintering temperature, indicating a transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic behavior. This magnetic transition is attributed to the suppression of secondary iron oxide phases and structural changes introduced by Al³⁺ substitution. These results establish a clear quantitative correlation between Al³⁺-induced structural modifications and the enhanced magnetic and thermal characteristics of LaFeO₃ nanoparticles. The study underscores the potential of controlled Al³⁺ doping in LaFeO₃ for developing advanced materials for spintronics, magnetic sensors, and energy-related applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Exploring the enhanced mechanical, thermal and magnetic properties of pure and Al doped LaFeO3 nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

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  • Purushotham Endla

摘要

In the present investigation, pure LaFeO₃ nanoparticles (LFNPs) and aluminium-doped LaFeO₃ nanoparticles (LAFNPs) were synthesized via the sol–gel method to explore their structural, mechanical, thermal, and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that increasing Al³⁺ ion concentration (x = 0.00 to 0.10) resulted in a systematic shift in diffraction peaks toward higher angles, indicating a reduction in lattice parameters and crystallite size. Specifically, the crystallite size decreased from 23.63 nm (x = 0.00) to 18.44 nm (x = 0.10) using the Debye–Scherrer method, and from 22.96 nm to 18.21 nm using the Williamson–Hall method. The orthorhombic perovskite structure was retained across all doping levels. A concurrent increase in lattice strain (from 16.16 × 10⁻³ to 16.96 × 10⁻³) and dislocation density (from 1.79 × 10¹⁵ to 2.94 × 10¹⁵ m⁻²) was observed with higher Al³⁺ concentrations. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed notable morphological changes with doping. Magnetic hysteresis (M–H) measurements showed that both the surface area of the magnetic loop and the magnetization increased with Al³⁺ doping. However, the area enclosed by the M–H curve decreased with increasing sintering temperature, indicating a transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic behavior. This magnetic transition is attributed to the suppression of secondary iron oxide phases and structural changes introduced by Al³⁺ substitution. These results establish a clear quantitative correlation between Al³⁺-induced structural modifications and the enhanced magnetic and thermal characteristics of LaFeO₃ nanoparticles. The study underscores the potential of controlled Al³⁺ doping in LaFeO₃ for developing advanced materials for spintronics, magnetic sensors, and energy-related applications.

Graphical Abstract