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<p>Continuous-wave nonlinear optical materials have great potential for modern practical technologies. This study presents the outstanding third-order nonlinear optical performance of rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions created through a one-pot ultrasonic procedure. The individual nanostructures were prepared using different chemical-based synthesis techniques. The successful formation of rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions was confirmed through XRD, Raman and FESEM-EDS analysis. PL emission spectroscopy, along with a photocatalytic reaction including trapping experiments of active species, was used to investigate the linear optical properties. The analysis of PL data, combined with the results from trapping tests, suggested a Z-schematic structure for the separation of photoexcited charge carriers in rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions. The potential for ultrafast nonlinear optical applications was investigated by setting up a standard single-beam arrangement to estimate the third-order nonlinear optical responses under a 532&#xa0;nm continuous wave second-harmonic Nd: YAG laser irradiation. rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions exhibited a reverse saturable absorption response and a negative refractive index, indicating a self-defocusing phenomenon related to thermo-optic effects. The results showed values of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="339_2025_8700_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="139" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:11.2\times\:{10}^{-4}\:cm/W\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="339_2025_8700_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="168" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:-12.57\times\:{10}^{-8}\:{cm}^{2}/W\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for the nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index of rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions, respectively. These findings are expected to provide valuable guidelines for the construction of innovative photonic devices.</p>

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Z-scheme reduced graphene oxide-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions: modeling of charge transfer mechanism and synergistic improved third-order nonlinear optical responses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Azadeh Haghighatzadeh

摘要

Continuous-wave nonlinear optical materials have great potential for modern practical technologies. This study presents the outstanding third-order nonlinear optical performance of rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions created through a one-pot ultrasonic procedure. The individual nanostructures were prepared using different chemical-based synthesis techniques. The successful formation of rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions was confirmed through XRD, Raman and FESEM-EDS analysis. PL emission spectroscopy, along with a photocatalytic reaction including trapping experiments of active species, was used to investigate the linear optical properties. The analysis of PL data, combined with the results from trapping tests, suggested a Z-schematic structure for the separation of photoexcited charge carriers in rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions. The potential for ultrafast nonlinear optical applications was investigated by setting up a standard single-beam arrangement to estimate the third-order nonlinear optical responses under a 532 nm continuous wave second-harmonic Nd: YAG laser irradiation. rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions exhibited a reverse saturable absorption response and a negative refractive index, indicating a self-defocusing phenomenon related to thermo-optic effects. The results showed values of \(\:11.2\times\:{10}^{-4}\:cm/W\) and \(\:-12.57\times\:{10}^{-8}\:{cm}^{2}/W\) for the nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index of rGO-ZnO/AgBr nano/hetero-junctions, respectively. These findings are expected to provide valuable guidelines for the construction of innovative photonic devices.