Engineered nano-porous Cr₂O₃/TUD-1 nanocomposites for efficient and reliable humidity sensor

This study explores the synthesis and performance of engineered nano-porous x-Cr₂O₃/TUD-1 (x = 0, 1, 5, 10, 15%) nanocomposites as efficient and reliable humidity sensors, synthesized via the hydrothermal method. Utilizing a hydrothermal synthesis approach, the composite material’s characterization unveils its mesoporous structure, high surface area (647 m²g^− 1), and porous channels, underscoring its suitability for humidity sensing through physisorption. The sensing mechanism is elucidated, highlighting the interaction between Cr₂O₃/TUD-1 and water vapor molecules, leading to changes in electrical resistance. Remarkably, the specimen with 10% Cr₂O₃ exhibits superior performance, featuring a rapid response time of 7 s and a recovery time of 5 s within an 11–98% relative humidity range. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates a 3.5-fold change in resistance over repeated cycles with high sensitivity of 943.87 Ω/RH%, indicating high durability and consistent stability over time span of 15 days. These findings advance humidity sensing technologies, paving the way for the development of efficient, reliable, and cost-effective sensors.