Efficacy study of 6 MeV electron beam in the presence of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to cisplatin on B16F10 cells: an in-vitro study

Melanoma is known as a deadly malignancy all over the world. In this study, the properties of Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin were first determined by methods TEM, DLS, FTIR and UV-Vis; Also, the MTT test for Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic, cisplatin and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin with various concentrations with and without electron beam was used to measure the toxicity of treatment groups. Flow cytometry was also performed for Fe2O3 and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic, for cisplatin and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin, and electron beam and their combination. Using TEM, the sizes of Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin were reported as 20, 26, and 40 nm, respectively, and FTIR and UV-vis showed that the attachment of the L-Aspartic acid to the nanoparticle and the drug loading on the nanoparticle was done successfully. The results of MTT and Flow cytometry test on B16F10 showed the effect of using Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin along with electron beam. These results show that the use of Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic, cisplatin and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin with electron beam is more capable of destroying cancer cells than the beam alone, and on the other hand, the use of compound Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin is more powerful than the cisplatin alone in increasing cell death and inducing apoptosis. Using the potential of nanoparticles along with traditional methods of cancer treatment to overcome malignancies resistant to treatment methods can be a suitable solution.