Development of a photonic crystal fiber SPR sensor probe for the detection of kerosene adulteration in gasoline

A surface plasmon resonance-based hollow core photonic crystal fiber (HC-SPR-PCF) is developed to detect gasoline adulteration with kerosene. The SPR-PCF sensor is fabricated via stack and draw, and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The performance of SPR-PCF sensors, such as sensitivity, loss, figure of merit (FoM), responsivity, and response time, are analysed experimentally in the wide refractive index (RI) range of 1.428–1.45. This experimental result shows that the proposed sensor with thin gold and aluminium oxide (Au + \(\textrm{Al}_{2}\textrm{O}_{3}\) ${\text{Al}}_2{\text{O}}_3$ ) plasmon active material exhibits a high amplitude sensitivity (321.59/RIU), low loss (0.0529 dB/cm), high responsivity (0.355875), and good FoM (1247.5/RIU). The presented experimental study has excellent potential in biochemical sensing applications due to its high sensitivity, low loss, linearity and fast response time.