Outstanding specific capacitance of air plasma exposed MgCoSiO₄ cathode in the rechargeable magnesium batteries

Magnesium batteries provide a promising alternative to traditional energy storage solutions due to their impressive energy density, potential safety features, and cost-effectiveness, making them highly suitable for large-scale applications. The solid state synthesis of MgCoSiO₄ is reported in this work. The produced magnesium cobalt silicate nanoparticles are treated with 450 V of DC glow discharge plasma for 15 min of exposure time. The novel aspect of the MgCoSiO4 material generated in a solid state is highlighted in this research work. This material underwent plasma treatment, which changed its surface and improved its performance. Through testing and investigation, these modifications resulted in increased conductivity and overall electrode material efficiency, demonstrating the substantial influence of the treatment material functionality. It enhances the electrochemical characteristics by altering the surface energies, adhesion, and wettability. Thus the as prepared sample was made as the electrode material for further investigation. The sample’s structural, morphological, and chemical makeup was examined using XRD, FTIR, FESEM and wettability. Owning to the exclusive sponge-like morphology and more porous air plasma treated MgCoSiO₄ electrode displays higher specific capacitance of 1232 F/g than the pure 296 F/g which can also exhibit 89% of capacitance retention after 6000 cycles. These results suggests that the MgCoSiO₄ electrode material treated with air plasma is appropriate for use in energy storage applications.