Ex-situ synthesis, comprehensive characterization, and comprehensive properties of PVA film composites coated Spinel MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ nanoparticle

PVA/MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ composite films were prepared using the solution casting technique. Also, incorporating MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ nanoparticles into the polymer matrix influences the overall properties of the composition that enhances the physical, mechanical, and optical properties of PVA films to be applicable for various applications. The XRD analysis revealed a semi-crystalline structure for PVA samples proving the impact of the MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ nanoparticles on the phase purity of PVA showed a strong interaction between them. SEM investigations exhibit accumulated particles with different shapes with spherical grain sizes ranging between nanoscale and accumulated nano-sphere grains (40–100 nm). The EDX analysis successfully incorporated Mg, Mn, and Co elements into the composite material. The thermal stability, decomposition, and response were investigated for the obtained films, and (PVA)₅₀(MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄)₅₀ showed the lowest residual mass with 6%. Mechanical testing showed the impact of MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ nanoparticle on the tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus, which lowered the ductility of PVA films, where (PVA)₅₀ (MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄)₅₀ exhibits the higher Brittleness 4.75⤫10^–3 (Mpa)⁻². The magnetic hysteresis loops and magnetic saturation obtained from VSM exhibit that MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ promotes magnetic domains inside the PVA matrix, indicating that the particle size and nature of these nanoparticles affected the magnetic properties of PVA. Furthermore, optical characterization investigated the optical absorbance and Reflectance properties. The band gap for MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ was 2.5 eV, where PVA pure film was 4.6 eV, and the band gap lowered with an increase in MgMn_1.8Co_0.2O₄ concentration till it reached 3 eV in case of the highest content of it. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of this novel composite material's potential applications and performance optimizations in various fields, such as electronics, sensors, and biomedical engineering.