RETRACTED ARTICLE: Development of environmental friendly Mo-doped MnO₂ via hydrothermal route for supercapacitor as pollution-free source of energy

The increasing use of fossil fuels and resulting environmental concerns have elevated the global issues, leading to a focus on developing alternative sustainable energy sources. However, supercapacitors (SC_s) have been considered as possible solutions to address major global energy challenges. These devices are designed to generate and store energy efficiently. In this study, Mn-doped MnO₂ material was fabricated utilizing the simple hydrothermal route to increase the electrochemical efficiency of MnO₂ by doping strategy. However, the properties of the Mn-doped MnO₂ material were analyzed with different analytical tools. The electrochemical result of Mn-doped MnO₂ was determined, which revealed higher specific capacitance of 920.86 F g⁻¹ than MnO₂ (512.90 F g⁻¹) at 1 A g⁻¹ with low charge transfer resistance of R_ct = 0.9 Ω. Furthermore, Mn-doped MnO₂ exhibited exceptional stability of 50 h with capacitive retention of 97.14% after the 5000th cycle and contains a larger surface area with diverse morphology, which was responsible for the enhanced capacitive performance for use in various fields of energy storage applications.