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Background <p>Terminology encompasses the technical terms and expressions commonly used in a&#xa0;particular field. This applies to all areas of practice, research, and teaching, not only in medicine in general, but also in the relevant subfields.</p> Objective <p>This study therefore specifically examines the similarities and differences in the terminology used in manual medicine (MM) and manual therapy (MT) in German and English.</p> Materials and methods <p>This research investigates which of the technical terms selected here should be used primarily. To achieve this goal, an intensive literature search including a&#xa0;preselection of technical terms and their synonyms is necessary. This is followed by a&#xa0;three-part investigation: (1)&#xa0;internet-based search queries on general usage, (2)&#xa0;online survey with experts, and (3)&#xa0;research in technical or scientific literature. The combination of the three partial results should ultimately reveal the optimal proposal.</p> Results <p>A&#xa0;total of 60&#xa0;German and 56&#xa0;English technical terms from MM and MT were examined, which can be classified into the subcategories of basic terms, diagnostics, treatment, and syndromes. The evaluation was carried out in three stages. With regard to the German terms, 26&#xa0;are clearly named, 23&#xa0;are terminologically unclear, and 11&#xa0;can be classified as having noticeable differences. Regarding the English terms, 14&#xa0;are clear, 31&#xa0;are unclear, and 11&#xa0;have noticeable differences. The terms designated as clear comprise only 35% of the technical terms examined here in both languages. The majority can be assigned to the evaluation categories of terminologically unclear or as having noticeable differences.</p> Conclusion <p>The results presented here for various MM and MT terms, including their synonyms, are primarily unclear. Only one third of the German and English terms are used uniformly. However, clear terminology should be the goal, especially with regard to research and reproducibility, practice and correct implementation, and teaching and communication. The term compilations can already be used for research purposes, even before clarifying consensus procedures.</p>

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Die bilinguale Terminologie der Manuellen Medizin und Manuellen Therapie

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Dana Loudovici-Krug

摘要

Background

Terminology encompasses the technical terms and expressions commonly used in a particular field. This applies to all areas of practice, research, and teaching, not only in medicine in general, but also in the relevant subfields.

Objective

This study therefore specifically examines the similarities and differences in the terminology used in manual medicine (MM) and manual therapy (MT) in German and English.

Materials and methods

This research investigates which of the technical terms selected here should be used primarily. To achieve this goal, an intensive literature search including a preselection of technical terms and their synonyms is necessary. This is followed by a three-part investigation: (1) internet-based search queries on general usage, (2) online survey with experts, and (3) research in technical or scientific literature. The combination of the three partial results should ultimately reveal the optimal proposal.

Results

A total of 60 German and 56 English technical terms from MM and MT were examined, which can be classified into the subcategories of basic terms, diagnostics, treatment, and syndromes. The evaluation was carried out in three stages. With regard to the German terms, 26 are clearly named, 23 are terminologically unclear, and 11 can be classified as having noticeable differences. Regarding the English terms, 14 are clear, 31 are unclear, and 11 have noticeable differences. The terms designated as clear comprise only 35% of the technical terms examined here in both languages. The majority can be assigned to the evaluation categories of terminologically unclear or as having noticeable differences.

Conclusion

The results presented here for various MM and MT terms, including their synonyms, are primarily unclear. Only one third of the German and English terms are used uniformly. However, clear terminology should be the goal, especially with regard to research and reproducibility, practice and correct implementation, and teaching and communication. The term compilations can already be used for research purposes, even before clarifying consensus procedures.