<p>This paper is devoted to a classical biological system for calcium buffering with bistable nonlinearity in exterior domains <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="332_2025_10185_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="90" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega =\mathbb {R}^N\setminus K\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo lspace="0.15em" rspace="0.15em" stretchy="false">\</mo> <mi>K</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <i>K</i> denotes an obstacle and is a compact subset of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="332_2025_10185_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Our goal is to prove that multiple mobile buffers (all buffers do diffuse) cannot eliminate propagation phenomena of a calcium planar traveling front in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="332_2025_10185_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. These phenomena mean that the calcium planar traveling front can gradually recover its profile and continue to propagate in the same direction after being disturbed by the obstacle <i>K</i>. We first prove that the buffered bistable system has an entire solution originating from a planar traveling front in <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="332_2025_10185_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Using the high-dimensional stability of the planar traveling front, we further prove that the entire solution will gradually recover to the same planar traveling front after passing the obstacle <i>K</i> by providing the complete propagation of the entire solution.</p>

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Planar Traveling Fronts of the Buffered Bistable System Around an Obstacle

  • Fu-Jie Jia,
  • Xiongxiong Bao

摘要

This paper is devoted to a classical biological system for calcium buffering with bistable nonlinearity in exterior domains \(\Omega =\mathbb {R}^N\setminus K\) Ω = R N \ K , where K denotes an obstacle and is a compact subset of \(\mathbb {R}^N\) R N . Our goal is to prove that multiple mobile buffers (all buffers do diffuse) cannot eliminate propagation phenomena of a calcium planar traveling front in \(\Omega \) Ω . These phenomena mean that the calcium planar traveling front can gradually recover its profile and continue to propagate in the same direction after being disturbed by the obstacle K. We first prove that the buffered bistable system has an entire solution originating from a planar traveling front in \(\Omega \) Ω . Using the high-dimensional stability of the planar traveling front, we further prove that the entire solution will gradually recover to the same planar traveling front after passing the obstacle K by providing the complete propagation of the entire solution.