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Key message <p><b>45 TCP members were identified in Lagerstroemia indica. The silenced LfiTCP12 plants showed a significant reduction in branch number, indicating that this gene may promote shoot branching.</b></p> Abstract <p>Branching is a pivotal architectural trait that profoundly affects flower and fruit production. This is particularly relevant for <i>Lagerstroemia</i>, a major summer-flowering woody species whose inflorescences develop on new shoots, directly linking branch number to floral abundance. Understanding the molecular basis of its branching is thus crucial for horticultural improvement. TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (TCP) transcription factors are known central regulators of shoot branching and elongation across species; however, their function in <i>Lagerstroemia</i> branching has rarely been investigated. Based on the genomic data, this study conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics characterization of the <i>TCP</i> gene family in <i>Lagerstroemia</i>. A total of 45 <i>TCP</i> members were identified and phylogenetically categorized into two distinct clades. Subsequent analyses characterized their physicochemical properties, gene structures, conserved motifs, and the <i>cis</i>-acting elements present in their promoter regions. The expression profiles of <i>LinTCP</i>s from the transcriptome data identified several <i>LinTCP</i>s implicated in the regulation of shoot branching and internode elongation. Subsequent quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis underscored the critical role of <i>TCP12</i> in regulating <i>Lagerstroemia</i> architecture. Further, the <i>LfiTCP12</i> with a 1089&#xa0;bp coding sequence was identified and cloned. Subcellular localization confirmed that <i>LfiTCP12</i> was predominantly localized in the nucleus. Silencing of the <i>LfiTCP12</i> gene, which belongs to the TB1 clade, significantly reduces the number of plant branches, indicating that <i>LfiTCP12</i> promotes shoot branching. Collectively, this study provides novel insights into the role of <i>LfiTCP12</i> in regulating shoot branching and provides a genetic resource for the targeted breeding of crape myrtle with improved plant architecture.</p>

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Genome-wide characterization of the TCP family in Lagerstroemia and functional analysis of LfiTCP12 uncover its role in shoot branching promotion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Yan Xu,
  • Ye Zhang,
  • Chengzhi Li,
  • Ruixia Yin,
  • Hang Lin,
  • Yu Zuo,
  • Xin Huang,
  • Bo Qin,
  • Yiqian Ju

摘要

Key message

45 TCP members were identified in Lagerstroemia indica. The silenced LfiTCP12 plants showed a significant reduction in branch number, indicating that this gene may promote shoot branching.

Abstract

Branching is a pivotal architectural trait that profoundly affects flower and fruit production. This is particularly relevant for Lagerstroemia, a major summer-flowering woody species whose inflorescences develop on new shoots, directly linking branch number to floral abundance. Understanding the molecular basis of its branching is thus crucial for horticultural improvement. TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (TCP) transcription factors are known central regulators of shoot branching and elongation across species; however, their function in Lagerstroemia branching has rarely been investigated. Based on the genomic data, this study conducted a comprehensive bioinformatics characterization of the TCP gene family in Lagerstroemia. A total of 45 TCP members were identified and phylogenetically categorized into two distinct clades. Subsequent analyses characterized their physicochemical properties, gene structures, conserved motifs, and the cis-acting elements present in their promoter regions. The expression profiles of LinTCPs from the transcriptome data identified several LinTCPs implicated in the regulation of shoot branching and internode elongation. Subsequent quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis underscored the critical role of TCP12 in regulating Lagerstroemia architecture. Further, the LfiTCP12 with a 1089 bp coding sequence was identified and cloned. Subcellular localization confirmed that LfiTCP12 was predominantly localized in the nucleus. Silencing of the LfiTCP12 gene, which belongs to the TB1 clade, significantly reduces the number of plant branches, indicating that LfiTCP12 promotes shoot branching. Collectively, this study provides novel insights into the role of LfiTCP12 in regulating shoot branching and provides a genetic resource for the targeted breeding of crape myrtle with improved plant architecture.