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<p>Ear, nose and throat (ENT) involvement is a frequent and early manifestation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate and compare ENT features in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). In this cross-sectional study, 50 consecutive patients with GPA (<i>n</i> = 35) and EGPA (<i>n</i> = 15) were recruited from Rheumatology and ENT clinics at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients underwent clinical, audiological, imaging, and laboratory assessments. ENT evaluation included otologic, sinonasal, and laryngeal examinations, supplemented with standardized questionnaires and audiometry. Upper airway involvement was highly prevalent (90%) in both groups. Pulmonary involvement was more frequent in EGPA, whereas renal involvement did not differ significantly between the groups. Hearing loss, including subclinical sensorineural forms, occurred in 50% of patients and was associated with older age at diagnosis (≥ 34 years) and longer disease duration (median 8 vs. 1.5 years, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Otologic involvement did not differ between GPA and EGPA. Sinonasal manifestations varied: nasal edema, allergic rhinitis, and polyposis were more frequent in EGPA, whereas destructive lesions, including saddle-nose deformity, occurred only in GPA. Laryngeal involvement was present in 46%; subglottic stenosis occurred only in GPA (14%) and was absent in EGPA. ENT involvement is common in both GPA and EGPA, with distinct sinonasal and laryngeal patterns. Hearing loss is frequent and often subclinical, highlighting the importance of audiometric and tailored ENT assessments. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the value of routine audiometric screening.</p>

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Ear-nose-throat manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Sultan Almogairen,
  • Saad Alsaleh,
  • Salman F. Alhabib,
  • Hussein Mohammed Alsakkaf,
  • Nezar Hamed,
  • Musallam Kashoob,
  • Rayed Sattam AlShammri,
  • Khalid Mohammed Bahamdein,
  • Rafeef Ibrahim Alhajress,
  • Kholoud Alanzi,
  • Najma Khalil,
  • Ahmad Alroqi,
  • Aladdin J. Mohammad

摘要

Ear, nose and throat (ENT) involvement is a frequent and early manifestation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate and compare ENT features in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). In this cross-sectional study, 50 consecutive patients with GPA (n = 35) and EGPA (n = 15) were recruited from Rheumatology and ENT clinics at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients underwent clinical, audiological, imaging, and laboratory assessments. ENT evaluation included otologic, sinonasal, and laryngeal examinations, supplemented with standardized questionnaires and audiometry. Upper airway involvement was highly prevalent (90%) in both groups. Pulmonary involvement was more frequent in EGPA, whereas renal involvement did not differ significantly between the groups. Hearing loss, including subclinical sensorineural forms, occurred in 50% of patients and was associated with older age at diagnosis (≥ 34 years) and longer disease duration (median 8 vs. 1.5 years, p = 0.01). Otologic involvement did not differ between GPA and EGPA. Sinonasal manifestations varied: nasal edema, allergic rhinitis, and polyposis were more frequent in EGPA, whereas destructive lesions, including saddle-nose deformity, occurred only in GPA. Laryngeal involvement was present in 46%; subglottic stenosis occurred only in GPA (14%) and was absent in EGPA. ENT involvement is common in both GPA and EGPA, with distinct sinonasal and laryngeal patterns. Hearing loss is frequent and often subclinical, highlighting the importance of audiometric and tailored ENT assessments. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the value of routine audiometric screening.