COVID-19 severity, breakthrough infections and vaccine safety in young individuals with autoimmune diseases: insights from the COVAD study

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2024年7月13日

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Alessia Alunno,
Francesco Carubbi,
Ai Lyn Tan,
Parikshit Sen,
Lorenzo Cavagna,
Mrudula Joshi,
Jessica Day,
Sreoshy Saha,
Carlos Enrique Toro Gutiérrez,
Carlo Vinicio Caballero-Uribe,
Oliver Distler,
Hector Chinoy,
Rohit Aggarwal,
Vikas Agarwal,
Latika Gupta,
Elena Nikiphorou,
Arvind Nune,
James B. Lilleker,
John D. Pauling,
Chris Wincup,
Armen Yuri Gasparyan,
Vishwesh Agarwal,
Esha Kadam,
Bhupen Barman,
Yogesh Preet Singh,
Rajiv Ranjan,
Avinash Jain,
Sapan C. Pandya,
Rakesh Kumar Pilania,
Aman Sharma,
Manesh Manoj M,
Vikas Gupta,
Chengappa G. Kavadichanda,
Pradeepta Sekhar Patro,
Sajal Ajmani,
Sanat Phatak,
Rudra Prosad Goswami,
Abhra Chandra Chowdhury,
Ashish Jacob Mathew,
Padnamabha Shenoy,
Ajay Asranna,
Keerthi Talari Bommakanti,
Anuj Shukla,
Arunkumar R. Pande,
Prithvi Sanjeevkumar Gaur,
Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur,
Akanksha Ghodke,
Kunal Chandwar,
Naitica Darooka,
Praggya Yaadav,
Babur Salim,
Zoha Zahid Fazal,
Mahnoor Javaid,
Resit Yildrim,
Ashima Makol,
Tulika Chatterjee,
Aarat Patel,
Margherita Giannini,
Francois Maurier,
Julien Campagne,
Alain Meyer,
Nicoletta Del Papa,
Gianluca Sambataro,
Atzeni Fabiola,
Marcello Govoni,
Simone Parisi,
Elena Bartoloni Bocci,
Gian Domenico Sebastiani,
Enrico Fusaro,
Marco Sebastiani,
Luca Quartuccio,
Franco Franceschini,
Pier Paolo Sainaghi,
Giovanni Orsolini,
Rossella De Angelis,
Maria Giovanna Danielli,
Vincenzo Venerito,
Silvia Grignaschi,
Alessandro Giollo,
Laura Andreoli,
Daniele Lini,
Florenzo Iannone,
Marco Fornaro,
Lisa S. Traboco,
Syahrul Sazliyana Shaharir,
Chou Luan Tan,
Suryo Anggoro Kusumo Wibowo,
Abraham Edgar Gracia- Ramos,
Miguel A. Saavedra,
Erick Adrian Zamora Tehozol,
Jorge Rojas Serrano,
Ignacio García-De La Torre,
Iris J. Colunga-Pedraza,
Javier Merayo-Chalico,
Raquel Aranega,
Jesús Loarce-Martos,
Sergio Prieto-González,
Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo,
Leonardo Santos Hoff,
Masataka Kuwana,
Akira Yoshida,
Ran Nakashima,
Shinji Sato,
Naoki Kimura,
Yuko Kaneko,
Takahisa Gono,
Ioannis Parodis,
Marcin Milchert,
Johannes Knitza,
Stylianos Tomaras,
Fabian Nikolai Proft,
Marie-Therese Holzer,
Karen Schreiber,
Margarita Aleksandrovna Gromova,
Or Aharonov,
Melinda Nagy-Vincze,
Zoltán Griger,
Nelly Ziade,
Ihsane Hmamouchi,
Pr Imane El bouchti,
Zineb Baba,
Dzifa Dey,
Uyi Ima-Edomwonyi,
Ibukunoluwa Dedeke,
Emorinken Airenakho,
Nwankwo Henry Madu,
Abubakar Yerima,
Hakeem Olaosebikan,
Celestine Chibuzo Okwara,
A Becky,
Ouma Devi Koussougbo,
Elisa Palalane,
Daman Langguth,
Vidya Limaye,
Merrilee Needham,
Nilesh Srivastav,
Marie Hudson,
Océane Landon-Cardinal,
Tsvetelina Velikova,
Russka Shumnalieva,
Wilmer Gerardo Rojas Zuleta,
Álvaro Arbeláez,
Javier Cajas,
José António Pereira Silva,
João Eurico Fonseca,
Olena Zimba,
Ho So,
Manuel Francisco Ugarte-Gil,
Lyn Chinchay,
José Proaño Bernaola,
Victorio Pimentel,
A. T. M. Tanveer Hasan,
Binit Vaidya,
Tamer A. Gheita,
Hanan Mohamed Fathi,
Reem Hamdy A. Mohammed,
Yi-Ming Chen,
Ghita Harifi,
Lina El Kibbi,
Hussein Halabi,
Phonpen Akawatcharangura Goo,
Wanruchada Katchamart,
Yurilís Fuentes-Silva,
Karoll Cabriza,
Jonathan Losanto,
Nelly Colaman,
Antonio Cachafeiro-Vilar,
Generoso Guerra Bautista,
Enrique Julio Giraldo Ho,
Lilith Stange Nunez,
Cristian Vergara M,
Jossiell Then Báez,
Hugo Alonzo,
Carlos Benito Santiago Pastelin,
Rodrigo García Salinas,
Alejandro Quiñónez Obiols,
Nilmo Chávez,
Andrea Bran Ordóñez,
Gil Alberto Reyes Llerena,
Radames Sierra-Zorita,
Dina Arrieta,
Eduardo Romero Hidalgo,
Ricardo Saenz,
Idania Escalante M,
Wendy Calapaqui,
Ivonne Quezada,
Gabriela Arredond

摘要

Notwithstanding the wealth of literature on COVID-19, studies focusing on young adults with autoimmune diseases (AD) are lacking. To determine early (within 7 days) and late (after 7 days) anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related adverse events (AEs), post-vaccine disease flares, COVID-19 severity and breakthrough infections (B-INFs) in young people with rheumatic diseases (RMDs) and non-rheumatic autoimmune diseases (nr-ADs) compared to healthy controls (HC). Data were captured through the international COVID-19 vaccination in autoimmune diseases (COVAD) 1 and 2 questionnaires. Of 20,685 complete responses, we identified 6010 from patients aged 18–35 years (1692 RMD, 400 nrADs, 3918 HC) who received up to 4 vaccine doses. BNT162b2 was the most frequently administered vaccine and prior to vaccination, 7% of people with nrAD were taking immunosuppressants (IS) versus 80% in RMDs. Early mild AEs were more frequent in RMDs (93%) and nr-ADs (92%) compared to HC (85%). The frequency of late mild AEs was < 20% in all groups. Severe AEs were rare. SARS-CoV-2 infection rates were similar across all groups, however, RMD patients reported a single episode of infection more frequently than nrADs and HC, while nrADs reported multiple infections more frequently than RMD. Self-reported disease flares were reported by 10% or RMD and 7% of nrAD patients. Our study reinforces the safety of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine also in young people with ADs, but it also highlights that among young individuals the number and clinical picture of SARS-CoV-2 infections is affected more by the type of AD rather than by coexisting IS therapy.