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<p>Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are critical nosocomial pathogens, classified as high priority by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to rising antibiotic resistance. Among these, Vancomycin-resistant <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (VREfm) presents a significant clinical challenge, frequently detected in healthcare-associated infections and exhibiting resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study presents a genomic surveillance analysis of 63 <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (<i>E. faecium</i>) isolates obtained from the public database from India during the period January 2017 to December 2021. These isolates were confirmed as VREfm, making them valuable for understanding the key resistance genes and mutations commonly associated with strains. Genomic analysis revealed diverse plasmid replicons such as pRE25, pRUM, and pIP501, often coexisting in single isolates, indicating active horizontal gene transfer. Multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, such as <i>vanHAX</i>, <i>ermB</i>, <i>optrA</i>, and <i>blaOXA-232</i>, were identified along with insertion sequences (IS3, ISL3, IS256), integrons, and transposons (Tn1546, Tn917). Mutations in GyrA, ParC, and PBP5 proteins associated with fluoroquinolone and β-lactam antibiotics were also detected in each isolate. Amino acid substitutions associated with daptomycin resistance were identified in the encoded proteins of the liaR (LiaR-W73C), liaS (LiaS-T120A), cls (Cls-T298S), and rpoB (RpoB-S491F) genes. Three novel deleterious amino acid substitutions were also observed in Cls-R424S, RpoB-M475V, and RpoC-T634K, encoded by the <i>cls</i>, <i>rpoB</i>, and <i>rpoC</i> genes, respectively, that may impact protein function. Overall, this genomic survey provides a framework for hypothesis-driven studies exploring resistance evolution and gene mobility in <i>E. faecium</i>.</p>

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Genomic surveillance of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: a study on Resistome, Plasmidome, and mobilome profiling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • Shalini Mathpal,
  • Avani Panickar,
  • Tushar Joshi,
  • Sudha Ramaiah,
  • Anand Anbarasu

摘要

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are critical nosocomial pathogens, classified as high priority by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to rising antibiotic resistance. Among these, Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) presents a significant clinical challenge, frequently detected in healthcare-associated infections and exhibiting resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study presents a genomic surveillance analysis of 63 Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) isolates obtained from the public database from India during the period January 2017 to December 2021. These isolates were confirmed as VREfm, making them valuable for understanding the key resistance genes and mutations commonly associated with strains. Genomic analysis revealed diverse plasmid replicons such as pRE25, pRUM, and pIP501, often coexisting in single isolates, indicating active horizontal gene transfer. Multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, such as vanHAX, ermB, optrA, and blaOXA-232, were identified along with insertion sequences (IS3, ISL3, IS256), integrons, and transposons (Tn1546, Tn917). Mutations in GyrA, ParC, and PBP5 proteins associated with fluoroquinolone and β-lactam antibiotics were also detected in each isolate. Amino acid substitutions associated with daptomycin resistance were identified in the encoded proteins of the liaR (LiaR-W73C), liaS (LiaS-T120A), cls (Cls-T298S), and rpoB (RpoB-S491F) genes. Three novel deleterious amino acid substitutions were also observed in Cls-R424S, RpoB-M475V, and RpoC-T634K, encoded by the cls, rpoB, and rpoC genes, respectively, that may impact protein function. Overall, this genomic survey provides a framework for hypothesis-driven studies exploring resistance evolution and gene mobility in E. faecium.