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<p>This work isolates the effect of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) epoxide content in non-vulcanized 50/50 COPE/ENR blends prepared without curatives, unlike previous dynamically vulcanized COPE/ENR systems. The results indicate that increasing epoxide content enhances blend compatibility mainly through stronger interfacial association between ENR and COPE, possibly involving hydrogen bonding, polar interactions, and possible interfacial reactions. This led to a progressive increase in final mixing torque and temperature, increasing from 8.69 to 11.86 dN·m and from 203.6 to 213.5&#xa0;°C, respectively. Mechanical properties improved substantially with increasing epoxide level: tensile strength increased from 2.15 to 10.95&#xa0;MPa, elongation at break from 40% to 440%, hardness from 60 to 75 Shore A, and 100% modulus from 2.0 to 4.8&#xa0;MPa, while tension set decreased from 50% to 26%. Melt viscoelastic properties showed a pronounced increase in storage modulus and complex viscosity, accompanied by lower tan δ of approximately 0.2 for COPE/ENR-50, which is consistent with a more elastic melt response and stronger phase association. Oil swelling decreased with increasing epoxide content, reaching approximately 5% for COPE/ENR-50 in IRM 903, indicating improved oil resistance and overall performance. SEM, AFM, and FTIR results suggested finer co-continuous phase morphology and enhanced interfacial association qualitatively supported the development of finer phase morphology and enhanced interfacial association at higher epoxide contents.</p>

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Effect of epoxide content on interfacial interaction, morphology, and properties of non-vulcanized copolyester/epoxidized natural rubber blends

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Azizon Kaesaman,
  • Krisna Sasdipan,
  • Charoen Nakason

摘要

This work isolates the effect of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) epoxide content in non-vulcanized 50/50 COPE/ENR blends prepared without curatives, unlike previous dynamically vulcanized COPE/ENR systems. The results indicate that increasing epoxide content enhances blend compatibility mainly through stronger interfacial association between ENR and COPE, possibly involving hydrogen bonding, polar interactions, and possible interfacial reactions. This led to a progressive increase in final mixing torque and temperature, increasing from 8.69 to 11.86 dN·m and from 203.6 to 213.5 °C, respectively. Mechanical properties improved substantially with increasing epoxide level: tensile strength increased from 2.15 to 10.95 MPa, elongation at break from 40% to 440%, hardness from 60 to 75 Shore A, and 100% modulus from 2.0 to 4.8 MPa, while tension set decreased from 50% to 26%. Melt viscoelastic properties showed a pronounced increase in storage modulus and complex viscosity, accompanied by lower tan δ of approximately 0.2 for COPE/ENR-50, which is consistent with a more elastic melt response and stronger phase association. Oil swelling decreased with increasing epoxide content, reaching approximately 5% for COPE/ENR-50 in IRM 903, indicating improved oil resistance and overall performance. SEM, AFM, and FTIR results suggested finer co-continuous phase morphology and enhanced interfacial association qualitatively supported the development of finer phase morphology and enhanced interfacial association at higher epoxide contents.