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<p>Synthesis of novel nanocomposites (NCs) flexible sheets is essential for the development of next-generation flexible energy devices. Herein, the role of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofillers (NFs) on the structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of PVDF- TiO₂ synthesized by co-precipitation method is investigated. Structural analysis confirms the formation of diffraction planes corresponding to PVDF, ZnO, and TiO₂ phases. Increasing weight% of ZnO NFs promotes the crystal growth and modifies the surface morphology, with the appearance of grain-boundary-isolated colonies. The optical energy band gap of PVDF increases from 4.22&#xa0;eV to 5.25&#xa0;eV upon TiO₂ incorporation, and subsequently decreases to 4.76&#xa0;eV at the highest ZnO NFs loading, indicating that both TiO₂ and ZnO significantly influence the band gap of PVDF-TiO₂ NCs. The dielectric constant of PVDF-TiO₂-based ZnO NCs reaches 26.83 at low frequency which is 2.1 times higher than that of pure PVDF. The AC conductivity is enhanced to 2.06 × 10⁻⁶ S/m, representing a 2.63-fold increase compared with the pure PVDF in the high-frequency region. These findings demonstrate that the synthesized PVDF-TiO₂-based ZnO NCs flexible sheets are promising candidates for energy storage flexible devices.</p>

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ZnO-induced improvements in PVDF-TiO₂ nanocomposites for energy storage applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Nosheen Kanwal,
  • Shaheer Ijaz,
  • Misbah Yousaf,
  • Ijaz Ahmad Khan

摘要

Synthesis of novel nanocomposites (NCs) flexible sheets is essential for the development of next-generation flexible energy devices. Herein, the role of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofillers (NFs) on the structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of PVDF- TiO₂ synthesized by co-precipitation method is investigated. Structural analysis confirms the formation of diffraction planes corresponding to PVDF, ZnO, and TiO₂ phases. Increasing weight% of ZnO NFs promotes the crystal growth and modifies the surface morphology, with the appearance of grain-boundary-isolated colonies. The optical energy band gap of PVDF increases from 4.22 eV to 5.25 eV upon TiO₂ incorporation, and subsequently decreases to 4.76 eV at the highest ZnO NFs loading, indicating that both TiO₂ and ZnO significantly influence the band gap of PVDF-TiO₂ NCs. The dielectric constant of PVDF-TiO₂-based ZnO NCs reaches 26.83 at low frequency which is 2.1 times higher than that of pure PVDF. The AC conductivity is enhanced to 2.06 × 10⁻⁶ S/m, representing a 2.63-fold increase compared with the pure PVDF in the high-frequency region. These findings demonstrate that the synthesized PVDF-TiO₂-based ZnO NCs flexible sheets are promising candidates for energy storage flexible devices.