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<p>Gel electrolytes (GE) play a crucial role in the electrochemical devices, and understanding their mechanical and viscoelastic properties is essential for flexible and stretchable electrochemical devices. The primary focus of this study is to investigate the effect of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on the mechanical and rheological characteristics of GE. The glass transition temperature, thermal stability, tensile strength, and toughness modulus of GE increase with higher concentrations of PMMA, while elongation at break initially increases up to 35% PMMA and then decreases due to the low ionic interaction and dense PMMA networks. The ionic conductivity decreases with increasing PMMA weight%. Rheological studies reveal that the storage modulus increases with the concentration of PMMA up to weight 35%, beyond which the concentration of the gel matrix in the GE results in a hard-strength gel that behaves more like a solid material with less mechanical strength. However, the formed gel exhibits frequency-dependent behavior, indicating its structural strength. Furthermore, a flexible electrochromic device (ECD) is developed and tested with varying weight % of PMMA. Color contrast decreases with an increase in the percentage of PMMA. The lower weight% of PMMA is beneficial for high ionic conductivity and color contrast, while higher concentrations of PMMA exhibit greater mechanical strength, thermal stability, and glass transition temperature. This study provides valuable insights for developing gel electrolytes for flexible and stretchable wearable electronics.</p>

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Investigation of mechanical and viscoelastic behavior of polymethyl methacrylate based gel electrolyte

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月1日

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  • Vishal Agrawal,
  • Chandra Shekhar

摘要

Gel electrolytes (GE) play a crucial role in the electrochemical devices, and understanding their mechanical and viscoelastic properties is essential for flexible and stretchable electrochemical devices. The primary focus of this study is to investigate the effect of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on the mechanical and rheological characteristics of GE. The glass transition temperature, thermal stability, tensile strength, and toughness modulus of GE increase with higher concentrations of PMMA, while elongation at break initially increases up to 35% PMMA and then decreases due to the low ionic interaction and dense PMMA networks. The ionic conductivity decreases with increasing PMMA weight%. Rheological studies reveal that the storage modulus increases with the concentration of PMMA up to weight 35%, beyond which the concentration of the gel matrix in the GE results in a hard-strength gel that behaves more like a solid material with less mechanical strength. However, the formed gel exhibits frequency-dependent behavior, indicating its structural strength. Furthermore, a flexible electrochromic device (ECD) is developed and tested with varying weight % of PMMA. Color contrast decreases with an increase in the percentage of PMMA. The lower weight% of PMMA is beneficial for high ionic conductivity and color contrast, while higher concentrations of PMMA exhibit greater mechanical strength, thermal stability, and glass transition temperature. This study provides valuable insights for developing gel electrolytes for flexible and stretchable wearable electronics.