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<p>The incorporation of plant extracts into polymeric matrices represents a promising strategy for the controlled release of bioactive compounds. In this study, the incorporation of chamomile flower extract (CHAM; <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L.) into epoxidized natural rubber grafted with hyaluronic acid (ENR-<i>g</i>-HA) at concentrations of 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% was evaluated through physicochemical, morphological, and in vitro release analyses. FTIR spectra confirmed the absence of new absorption bands, indicating that the interaction between CHAM and the matrix is predominantly physical. Morphological analysis revealed increased surface roughness and structural heterogeneity with increasing extract concentration. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the presence of CHAM does not compromise the thermal stability of the polymeric matrix. In addition, DSC results demonstrated that extraction incorporation reduces the glass transition temperature, characterizing a plasticizing effect and increased segmental mobility of the polymer chains. Release assays exhibited a sustained profile, with similar behavior observed for the 2.5% and 5.0% CHAM samples and fitting to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model indicated a quasi-Fickian diffusion mechanism (<i>n</i> ≤ 0.5). Collectively, the results demonstrate that the ENR<i>-g</i>-HA matrix enables stable physical incorporation of CHAM and promotes controlled extract release, highlighting its potential as a functional polymeric platform for biomaterial applications.</p>

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Epoxidized natural rubber grafted with hyaluronic acid incorporated with Matricaria chamomilla L. extract for potential biomaterials applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Bruna V. Quevedo,
  • Daniel Komatsu,
  • Maira de Lourdes Rezende,
  • Eliana Aparecida de Rezende Duek

摘要

The incorporation of plant extracts into polymeric matrices represents a promising strategy for the controlled release of bioactive compounds. In this study, the incorporation of chamomile flower extract (CHAM; Matricaria chamomilla L.) into epoxidized natural rubber grafted with hyaluronic acid (ENR-g-HA) at concentrations of 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% was evaluated through physicochemical, morphological, and in vitro release analyses. FTIR spectra confirmed the absence of new absorption bands, indicating that the interaction between CHAM and the matrix is predominantly physical. Morphological analysis revealed increased surface roughness and structural heterogeneity with increasing extract concentration. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the presence of CHAM does not compromise the thermal stability of the polymeric matrix. In addition, DSC results demonstrated that extraction incorporation reduces the glass transition temperature, characterizing a plasticizing effect and increased segmental mobility of the polymer chains. Release assays exhibited a sustained profile, with similar behavior observed for the 2.5% and 5.0% CHAM samples and fitting to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model indicated a quasi-Fickian diffusion mechanism (n ≤ 0.5). Collectively, the results demonstrate that the ENR-g-HA matrix enables stable physical incorporation of CHAM and promotes controlled extract release, highlighting its potential as a functional polymeric platform for biomaterial applications.