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<p>Polyaniline (PANI)–TiO₂ nanocomposites were synthesized via in-situ oxidative polymerization and systematically investigated for room-temperature phosgene (COCl₂) gas sensing. Structural and morphological characterization by FTIR and SEM confirmed the successful incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles within the PANI nanofiber matrix, forming an interconnected heterostructured network. Among the investigated compositions (5–25 wt% TiO₂), the 15 wt% PANI–TiO₂ nanocomposite exhibited optimal sensing performance. The sensor demonstrated a maximum response of 10.46 at 800 ppm and 6.123 at 100 ppm of COCl₂, with a high sensitivity of 0.00331 ppm⁻¹ and excellent linearity (R² = 0.993) over the studied concentration range (100–800 ppm). Rapid sensing kinetics were observed, with a response time of 6.1&#xa0;s and recovery time of 7.35&#xa0;s at room temperature (25&#xa0;°C, ~ 14% RH). The sensor maintained stable performance with only ~ 1.3% signal drift over 60 days, confirming good reproducibility and long-term operational stability. These results demonstrate that the optimized PANI–TiO₂ nanocomposite is a promising candidate for efficient and reliable room-temperature phosgene gas detection.</p>

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Optimized PANI–TiO2 nanofiber heterostructured composites for room-temperature phosgene gas sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Gourishanker Bhure,
  • Ameena Parveen,
  • M. Madesh Kumar,
  • Aashis. S. Roy

摘要

Polyaniline (PANI)–TiO₂ nanocomposites were synthesized via in-situ oxidative polymerization and systematically investigated for room-temperature phosgene (COCl₂) gas sensing. Structural and morphological characterization by FTIR and SEM confirmed the successful incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles within the PANI nanofiber matrix, forming an interconnected heterostructured network. Among the investigated compositions (5–25 wt% TiO₂), the 15 wt% PANI–TiO₂ nanocomposite exhibited optimal sensing performance. The sensor demonstrated a maximum response of 10.46 at 800 ppm and 6.123 at 100 ppm of COCl₂, with a high sensitivity of 0.00331 ppm⁻¹ and excellent linearity (R² = 0.993) over the studied concentration range (100–800 ppm). Rapid sensing kinetics were observed, with a response time of 6.1 s and recovery time of 7.35 s at room temperature (25 °C, ~ 14% RH). The sensor maintained stable performance with only ~ 1.3% signal drift over 60 days, confirming good reproducibility and long-term operational stability. These results demonstrate that the optimized PANI–TiO₂ nanocomposite is a promising candidate for efficient and reliable room-temperature phosgene gas detection.