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<p>Biodegradable nanocomposite films were developed from a chitosan (CS)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix reinforced with graphene nanosheets decorated with nano-zerovalent copper (Cu@G) using an eco-friendly solution casting method. Films with Cu@G loadings of 0.1–2 wt% were fabricated and systematically characterized. The incorporation of Cu@G enhanced the structural and functional properties, with optimal performance at 2 wt% loading. This formulation showed a 55% enhancement in tensile strength, a 72% reduction in water vapor permeability, and a 48% decrease in moisture uptake relative to neat CS films, along with improved thermal resistance at high temperature. FTIR analysis confirmed strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between CS and PVP, as well as additional interactions with Cu@G, supporting polymer compatibility and the formation of a robust hybrid network. TEM and SEM observations revealed uniform dispersion of 8&#xa0;nm Cu⁰ nanoparticles on graphene sheets. UV–Vis analysis demonstrated effective UV shielding (up to 99% UVA/UVB blocked) while maintaining high visible transmittance (87–97%), supporting potential use in transparent packaging. Rheological tests revealed strong structural reinforcement at 2 wt% Cu@G, with high zero-shear viscosity (8.98&#xa0;Pa.s), an extended G′ plateau, and elastic dominance at higher frequencies. Soil burial tests confirmed biodegradability, with the lowest weight loss (12.06%) observed at the highest Cu@G concentration after 110 days. Packaging trials demonstrated the films’ ability to extend the shelf life of garlic by significantly reducing respiration rates and moisture exposure. These results highlight the CP/Cu@G bionanocomposite films as high-performance, eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastic packaging, offering both sustainability and improved functionality.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Biodegradable nanocomposite films based on chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and graphene nanosheets decorated with nano-zerovalent copper: physicochemical properties and food packaging applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Asmae Snik,
  • Mohamed Larzek,
  • Yassine Zouheir,
  • Ahmad Umar

摘要

Biodegradable nanocomposite films were developed from a chitosan (CS)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix reinforced with graphene nanosheets decorated with nano-zerovalent copper (Cu@G) using an eco-friendly solution casting method. Films with Cu@G loadings of 0.1–2 wt% were fabricated and systematically characterized. The incorporation of Cu@G enhanced the structural and functional properties, with optimal performance at 2 wt% loading. This formulation showed a 55% enhancement in tensile strength, a 72% reduction in water vapor permeability, and a 48% decrease in moisture uptake relative to neat CS films, along with improved thermal resistance at high temperature. FTIR analysis confirmed strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between CS and PVP, as well as additional interactions with Cu@G, supporting polymer compatibility and the formation of a robust hybrid network. TEM and SEM observations revealed uniform dispersion of 8 nm Cu⁰ nanoparticles on graphene sheets. UV–Vis analysis demonstrated effective UV shielding (up to 99% UVA/UVB blocked) while maintaining high visible transmittance (87–97%), supporting potential use in transparent packaging. Rheological tests revealed strong structural reinforcement at 2 wt% Cu@G, with high zero-shear viscosity (8.98 Pa.s), an extended G′ plateau, and elastic dominance at higher frequencies. Soil burial tests confirmed biodegradability, with the lowest weight loss (12.06%) observed at the highest Cu@G concentration after 110 days. Packaging trials demonstrated the films’ ability to extend the shelf life of garlic by significantly reducing respiration rates and moisture exposure. These results highlight the CP/Cu@G bionanocomposite films as high-performance, eco-friendly alternatives to conventional plastic packaging, offering both sustainability and improved functionality.

Graphical abstract