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<p>To mitigate plastic pollution and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, the development of high-performance polymeric coatings from renewable resources to mitigate plastic pollution and reduce reliance on fossil fuels remains a critical challenge. Among them, substituting petroleum-based isocyanates with bio-based 1,5-pentanediisocyanate (PDI) not only significantly reduces the carbon footprint but also provides a key green feedstock for developing high-performance biodegradable polyurethanes. In this study, bio-based poly (lactic acid) polyol (PLA) and PDI were utilized as the raw materials. By incorporating polytetramethylene glycol (PTMEG) into the soft segment of waterborne polyurethane (WPU), a series of PLA/PDI bio-based waterborne polyurethanes (PP-WPU-Ts) were synthesized. The results demonstrate that PP-WPU-3 (n<sub>PLA</sub>: n<sub>PTMEG</sub>= 5:5) achieved a high bio-based content of 53.1 wt% along with a balanced combination of mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 4.02&#xa0;MPa, an elongation at break of 1118.6%, and a toughness of 26.7 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>. Additionally, PP-WPU-3 exhibited outstanding wear and yellowing resistance, reaching 80,000 abrasion cycles and a grade 1 yellowing resistance (ΔE = 2.8). Most importantly, the material exhibited controllable degradation across various environments: rapid disintegration in alkaline media (65% weight loss in 6&#xa0;h), efficient biodegradation in soil (54.3% in 120 days), and synergistic mineralization by <i>Bacillus</i> sp. (19.3% in 15 days), offering a promising end-of-life solution. The optimized PP-WPU-3 possesses balanced mechanical properties while also exhibiting excellent yellowing resistance and degradation capabilities. These characteristics validate its potential as an eco-friendly alternative for organic coatings.</p>

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The synthesis of PLA-modified high bio-based content WPU and synergistic research on degradation performance with microorganisms (Bacillus sp.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月12日

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  • Kangjia Song,
  • Jie Liu,
  • Feifei Zhang,
  • Aide Lu,
  • Liqiang Jin,
  • Zecui Zhao,
  • Xinyue Nian,
  • Jianan Song,
  • Deyi Zhu

摘要

To mitigate plastic pollution and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, the development of high-performance polymeric coatings from renewable resources to mitigate plastic pollution and reduce reliance on fossil fuels remains a critical challenge. Among them, substituting petroleum-based isocyanates with bio-based 1,5-pentanediisocyanate (PDI) not only significantly reduces the carbon footprint but also provides a key green feedstock for developing high-performance biodegradable polyurethanes. In this study, bio-based poly (lactic acid) polyol (PLA) and PDI were utilized as the raw materials. By incorporating polytetramethylene glycol (PTMEG) into the soft segment of waterborne polyurethane (WPU), a series of PLA/PDI bio-based waterborne polyurethanes (PP-WPU-Ts) were synthesized. The results demonstrate that PP-WPU-3 (nPLA: nPTMEG= 5:5) achieved a high bio-based content of 53.1 wt% along with a balanced combination of mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 4.02 MPa, an elongation at break of 1118.6%, and a toughness of 26.7 MJ/m3. Additionally, PP-WPU-3 exhibited outstanding wear and yellowing resistance, reaching 80,000 abrasion cycles and a grade 1 yellowing resistance (ΔE = 2.8). Most importantly, the material exhibited controllable degradation across various environments: rapid disintegration in alkaline media (65% weight loss in 6 h), efficient biodegradation in soil (54.3% in 120 days), and synergistic mineralization by Bacillus sp. (19.3% in 15 days), offering a promising end-of-life solution. The optimized PP-WPU-3 possesses balanced mechanical properties while also exhibiting excellent yellowing resistance and degradation capabilities. These characteristics validate its potential as an eco-friendly alternative for organic coatings.