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<p>The solubility of polysaccharide gums is a fundamental property dictating their functionality in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and other industrial applications. Despite the critical role of solubility, its assessment lacks a universally accepted and standardized methodology due to challenges in filtering and centrifuging highly viscous gum solutions. The present study introduces a novel, universal, and optimized method for estimating cold-water solubility (CWS) at 25 ± 1&#xa0;°C, using guar gum (GG), employing the response surface methodology (RSM) as a statistical tool. Three parameters potentially influencing the solubility determination, including concentration, relative centrifugal force (RCF), and centrifugation time, were screened through Tukey’s HSD test and optimized using Box–Behnken design to predict optimum values. The design-predicted optimized values for concentration, RCF, and centrifugation time were 0.5%, 1000 x g, and 10&#xa0;min, respectively, which yielded a CWS value of 83.85% for GG. The design-predicted CWS was verified experimentally and found within acceptable limits with an error of 2.27%. Furthermore, the optimized parameter values were extended with necessary modifications to assess hot water solubility (HWS) at 80 ± 1&#xa0;°C. The optimized protocols for CWS and HWS demonstrated flawless applicability to 28 other polysaccharide gums. The study also proposes a solubility-based classification of polysaccharides: insoluble (&lt; 10%), partially soluble (10–70%), and highly soluble (&gt; 70%) at 25 ± 1&#xa0;°C. This work provides a vital step toward a standardized solubility assay, with direct implications for industry, quality control, and international trade.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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A simple, convenient, and statistically optimized method to determine the solubility of polysaccharide gums: Guar gum and beyond

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Nandkishore Thombare,
  • Anirban Dutta,
  • Arti Mahto,
  • Arnab Roy Chowdhury,
  • Dewbrat Hari,
  • Mohammad Fahim Ansari,
  • Abhijit Kar

摘要

The solubility of polysaccharide gums is a fundamental property dictating their functionality in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and other industrial applications. Despite the critical role of solubility, its assessment lacks a universally accepted and standardized methodology due to challenges in filtering and centrifuging highly viscous gum solutions. The present study introduces a novel, universal, and optimized method for estimating cold-water solubility (CWS) at 25 ± 1 °C, using guar gum (GG), employing the response surface methodology (RSM) as a statistical tool. Three parameters potentially influencing the solubility determination, including concentration, relative centrifugal force (RCF), and centrifugation time, were screened through Tukey’s HSD test and optimized using Box–Behnken design to predict optimum values. The design-predicted optimized values for concentration, RCF, and centrifugation time were 0.5%, 1000 x g, and 10 min, respectively, which yielded a CWS value of 83.85% for GG. The design-predicted CWS was verified experimentally and found within acceptable limits with an error of 2.27%. Furthermore, the optimized parameter values were extended with necessary modifications to assess hot water solubility (HWS) at 80 ± 1 °C. The optimized protocols for CWS and HWS demonstrated flawless applicability to 28 other polysaccharide gums. The study also proposes a solubility-based classification of polysaccharides: insoluble (< 10%), partially soluble (10–70%), and highly soluble (> 70%) at 25 ± 1 °C. This work provides a vital step toward a standardized solubility assay, with direct implications for industry, quality control, and international trade.

Graphical abstract