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<p>This study investigates using <i>Prosopis juliflora</i> bark, an invasive but widely available plant biomass, as a sustainable raw material for producing bio-based polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) for protective packaging applications. A high-hydroxyl-value polyol was extracted from <i>Prosopis juliflora</i> bark and blended with castor oil and glycerol to formulate five distinct bio-polyol systems, with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) employed as the cross-linking agent. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a progressive reduction in crystallinity with increasing bio-polyol content, evidenced by a decrease in melting temperature from 284&#xa0;°C to 276&#xa0;°C, enhancing flexibility and impact resistance, key attributes for packaging materials. The optimized PUE exhibited a tensile strength of 1.84&#xa0;MPa and elongation at a break of 430%, indicating excellent mechanical resilience and cushioning performance. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the thermal stability of the PUEs up to 300&#xa0;°C, indicating their suitability for use in variable environmental conditions. Contact angle measurements showed a shift in surface wettability from hydrophobic (99.3°) to hydrophilic (29.5°) behavior with higher bio-polyol incorporation, which may enhance adhesion in multilayer and composite packaging systems. Soil burial degradation tests demonstrated accelerated biodegradation in bio-polyol-rich formulations, with up to 94.7% mass loss observed after four weeks, showing the environmental responsiveness of the materials. This study demonstrates that bio-polyol derived from Prosopis juliflora bark can significantly enhance flexibility, biodegradability, and application-specific performance of polyurethane elastomers, positioning it as a viable sustainable alternative for protective packaging materials.</p>

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Thermally stable, mechanically durable, and biodegradable polyurethane elastomers from renewable polyols extracted from prosopis Juliflora bark

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月19日

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  • Elavazhagan Gunasekaran,
  • Vennila Srinivasan,
  • Sankar Govindarajan

摘要

This study investigates using Prosopis juliflora bark, an invasive but widely available plant biomass, as a sustainable raw material for producing bio-based polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) for protective packaging applications. A high-hydroxyl-value polyol was extracted from Prosopis juliflora bark and blended with castor oil and glycerol to formulate five distinct bio-polyol systems, with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) employed as the cross-linking agent. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed a progressive reduction in crystallinity with increasing bio-polyol content, evidenced by a decrease in melting temperature from 284 °C to 276 °C, enhancing flexibility and impact resistance, key attributes for packaging materials. The optimized PUE exhibited a tensile strength of 1.84 MPa and elongation at a break of 430%, indicating excellent mechanical resilience and cushioning performance. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the thermal stability of the PUEs up to 300 °C, indicating their suitability for use in variable environmental conditions. Contact angle measurements showed a shift in surface wettability from hydrophobic (99.3°) to hydrophilic (29.5°) behavior with higher bio-polyol incorporation, which may enhance adhesion in multilayer and composite packaging systems. Soil burial degradation tests demonstrated accelerated biodegradation in bio-polyol-rich formulations, with up to 94.7% mass loss observed after four weeks, showing the environmental responsiveness of the materials. This study demonstrates that bio-polyol derived from Prosopis juliflora bark can significantly enhance flexibility, biodegradability, and application-specific performance of polyurethane elastomers, positioning it as a viable sustainable alternative for protective packaging materials.