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<p>Silk fibroin (SF) has emerged as a premier biomaterial for constructing porous scaffolds, owing to its exceptional biocompatibility, tunable biodegradability, and robust mechanical properties. The form of SF is highly tunable; through specific material engineering and processing techniques, it can be constructed into nanofibers, hydrogels, or nanoparticles. In tissue engineering, porous SF scaffolds support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, facilitating the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and soft tissues. Additionally, its high surface area and sustained release kinetics make it an excellent carrier for bioactive molecules, including drugs, growth factors, and genes. Innovations in chemical modifications and composite formulations have further improved its functionality, enabling stimuli-responsive and targeted delivery systems. This review explores recent advances in SF chemistry and processing for developing scaffolds targeted to specific tissues—cardiac, hepatic, skin, bone, and cartilage—highlighting their potential to overcome key challenges in regenerative medicine. This review also examines recent advances in porous SF-based structures as the drug carriers such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, and composites with a specific focus on the fabrication methods and drug delivery systems. The integration of porous SF with advanced technologies holds great potential for next-generation therapeutic solutions.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Tissue regeneration and controlled drug delivery mediated by silk fibroin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Omer Qutaiba B. Allela,
  • Abdulkareem Shareef,
  • Ashok Kumar Bishoyi,
  • Rami Oweis,
  • Suhas Ballal,
  • Abhayveer Singh,
  • Aashna Sinha,
  • Subhashree Ray,
  • Hayder Naji Sameer,
  • Ahmed Yaseen,
  • Zainab H. Athab,
  • Mohaned Adil

摘要

Silk fibroin (SF) has emerged as a premier biomaterial for constructing porous scaffolds, owing to its exceptional biocompatibility, tunable biodegradability, and robust mechanical properties. The form of SF is highly tunable; through specific material engineering and processing techniques, it can be constructed into nanofibers, hydrogels, or nanoparticles. In tissue engineering, porous SF scaffolds support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, facilitating the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and soft tissues. Additionally, its high surface area and sustained release kinetics make it an excellent carrier for bioactive molecules, including drugs, growth factors, and genes. Innovations in chemical modifications and composite formulations have further improved its functionality, enabling stimuli-responsive and targeted delivery systems. This review explores recent advances in SF chemistry and processing for developing scaffolds targeted to specific tissues—cardiac, hepatic, skin, bone, and cartilage—highlighting their potential to overcome key challenges in regenerative medicine. This review also examines recent advances in porous SF-based structures as the drug carriers such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, and composites with a specific focus on the fabrication methods and drug delivery systems. The integration of porous SF with advanced technologies holds great potential for next-generation therapeutic solutions.

Graphical abstract